HUICHANG
--to the tune of Ching Ping Yueh
Summer 1934
毛泽东《清平乐·会昌》
一九三四年夏
东方欲晓，
莫道君行早。
踏遍青山人未老，
风景这边独好。
会昌城外高峰，
颠连直接东溟。
战士指看南粤，
更加郁郁葱葱。
Soon dawn will break in the east.
Do not say "You start too early";
Crossing these blue hills adds nothing to one's years,
The landscape here is beyond compare.
Straight from the walls of Huichang lofty peaks,
Range after range, extend to the eastern seas.
Our soldiers point southward to Kwangtung
Looming lusher and greener in the distance.
LOUSHAN PASS
--to the tune of Yi Chin O
February 1935
毛泽东《忆秦娥·娄山关》
一九三五年夏冬
西风烈，长空雁叫霜晨月。
霜晨月，马蹄声碎，喇叭声咽。
雄关漫道真如铁，
而今迈步从头越。
从头越，苍山如海，夕阳如血。
Fierce the west wind,
Wild geese cry under the frosty morning moon.
Under the frosty morning moon
Horses' hooves clattering,
Bugles sobbing low.
Idle boast the strong pass is a wall of iron,
With firm strides we are crossing its summit.
We are crossing its summit,
The rolling hills sea-blue,
The dying sun blood-red.
THREE SHORT POEMS
--to the tune of Shih Liu Tzu Ling
1934-1935
毛泽东《十六字令》
1934年到1935年
其一
山，快马加鞭未下鞍。
惊回首，离天三尺三【原注】。
其二
山，倒海翻江卷巨澜。
奔腾急，万马战犹酣。
其三
山，刺破青天锷未残。
天欲坠，赖以拄其间。
I
Mountains!
I whip my swift horse, glued to my saddle.
I turn my head startled,
The sky is three foot three above me!*
II
Mountains!
Like great waves surging in a crashing sea,
Like a thousand stallions
In full gallop in the heat of battle.
III
Mountains!
Piercing the blue of heaven, your barbs unblunted!
The skies would fall
But for your strength supporting.
THE LONG MARCH
--a lu shih
October 1935
七律·长征
1935年2月
红军不怕远征难，万水千山只等闲。
五岭逶迤腾细浪，乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。
金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒。
更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜。
The Red Army fears not the trials of the March,
Holding light ten thousand crags and torrents.
The Five Ridges wind like gentle ripples
And the majestic Wumeng roll by, globules of clay.
Warm the steep cliffs lapped by the waters of Golden Sand,
Cold the iron chains spanning the Tatu River.
Minshan's thousand li of snow joyously crossed,
The three Armies march on, each face glowing.
KUNLUN
--to the tune of Nien Nu Chiao
October 1935
《念奴娇·昆仑》
一九三五年十月
横空出世，莽昆仑，阅尽人间春色。
飞起玉龙三百万【原注】，搅得周天寒澈。
夏日消溶，江河横溢，人或为鱼鳖。
千秋功罪，谁人曾与评说？
而今我谓昆仑∶不要这高，不要这多雪。
安得倚天抽宝剑，把汝裁为三截？
一截遗欧，一截赠美，一截还东国。
太平世界，环球同此凉热。
Far above the earth, into the blue,
You, wild Kunlun, have seen
All that was fairest in the world of men.
Your three million white jade dragons in flight*
Freeze the sky with piercing cold.
In summer days your melting torrents
Flood the streams and rivers,
Turning men into fish and turtles.
Who has passed judgement on the good and ill
You have wrought these thousand autumns?
To Kunlun now I say,
Neither all your height
Nor all your snow is needed.
Could I but draw my sword o'ertopping heaven,
I'd cleave you in three:
One piece for Europe,
One for America,
One to keep in the East.
Peace would then reign over the world,
The same warmth and cold throughout the globe.
MOUNT LIUPAN
--to the tune of Ching Ping Yueh
October 1935
毛泽东《清平月·六盘山》
一九三五年十月
天高云淡，
望断南飞雁。
不到长城非好汉，
屈指行程二万。
六盘山上高峰，
红旗漫卷西风。
今日长缨在手，
何时缚住苍龙。
The sky is high, the clouds are pale,
We watch the wild geese vanish southward.
If we fail to reach the Great Wall we are not men
We who have already measured twenty thousand li
High on the crest of Mount Liupan
Red banners wave freely in the west wind.
Today we hold the long cord in our hands,
When shall we bind fast the Grey Dragon?
SNOW
--to the tune of Chin Yuan Chun
February 1936
毛泽东《沁园春·雪》
一九四六年二月
北国风光，
千里冰封，
万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟馀莽莽。
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，【原注】
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，
看红妆素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，
引无数英雄竞折腰。
昔秦皇汉武，略输文采。
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，
数风流人物，还看今朝。
North country scene:
A hundred leagues locked in ice,
A thousand leagues of whirling snow.
Both sides of the Great Wall
One single white immensity.
The Yellow River's swift current
Is stilled from end to end.
The mountains dance like silver snakes
And the highlands* charge like wax-hued elephants,
Vying with heaven in stature.
On a fine day, the land,
Clad in white, adorned in red,
Grows more enchanting.
This land so rich in beauty
Has made countless heroes bow in homage.
But alas! Chin Shih-huang and Han Wu-ti
Were lacking in literary grace,
And Tang Tai-tsung and Sung Tai-tsu
Had little poetry in their souls;
And Genghis Khan,
Proud Son of Heaven for a day,
Knew only shooting eagles, bow outstretched
All are past and gone!
For truly great men
Look to this age alone.
FAREWELL TO THE GOD OF PLAGUE
--to the tune of lu shih poems
July 1, 1958
毛泽东《七律二首·送瘟神》
一九五八年七月一日
读六月三十日《人民日报》，余江县消灭了血丝虫。浮想联翩，夜不能寐。微风拂晓，
旭日临窗，遥望南天，欣然命笔。
绿水青山枉自多，华佗无奈小虫何！
千村薜荔人遗矢，万户萧疏鬼唱歌。
坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一天河。
牛郎欲问瘟神事，一样悲欢逐逝波。
其二
春风杨柳万千条，六亿神州尽舜尧。
红雨随心翻作浪，青山着意化为桥。
天连五岭银锄落，地动三河铁臂摇。
借问瘟君欲何往，纸船明烛照天烧。
When I read in the Renmin Ribao of June 30, 1958 that schistosomiasis had been wiped out in Yukiang County, thoughts thronged my mind and I could not sleep. In the warm morning breeze next day, as sunlight falls on my window, I look towards the distant southern sky and in my happiness pen the following lines.
I
So many green streams and blue hills, but to what avail ?
This tiny creature left even Hua To powerless!
Hundreds of villages choked with weeds, men wasted away;
Thousands of homes deserted, ghosts chanted mournfully.
Motionless, by earth I travel eighty thousand li a day,
Surveying the sky I see a myriad Milky Ways from afar.
Should the Cowherd ask tidings of the God of Plague,
Say the same griefs flow down the stream of time.
II
The spring wind blows amid profuse willow wands,
Six hundred million in this land all equal Yao and Shun.
Crimson rain swirls in waves under our will,
Green mountains turn to bridges at our wish.
Gleaming mattocks fall on the Five Ridges heaven-high;
Mighty arms move to rock the earth round the Triple River.
We ask the God of Plague: "Where are you bound ?"
Paper barges aflame and candle-light illuminate the sky.
SHAOSHAN REVISITED
--a lu shih
June 1959
毛泽东《七律·到韶山》
一九五九年六月
一九五九年六月二十五日到韶山。离别这个地方已有三十二年了。
别梦依稀咒逝川，故园三十二年前。
红旗卷起农奴戟，黑手高悬霸王鞭。
为有牺牲多壮志，敢教日月换新天。
喜看稻菽千重浪，遍地英雄下夕烟。
I visited Shaoshan on June 25, 1959 after an absence of thirty-two years.
Like a dim dream recalled, I curse the long-fled past--
My native soil two and thirty years gone by.
The red flag roused the serf, halberd in hand,
While the despot's black talons held his whip aloft.
Bitter sacrifice strengthens bold resolve
Which dares to make sun and moon shine in new skies.
Happy, I see wave upon wave of paddy and beans,
And all around heroes home-bound in the evening mist.
ASCENT OF LUSHAN
--a lu shih
July 1, 1959
毛泽东《七律·登庐山》
一九五九年七月一日
一山飞峙大江边，跃上葱笼四百旋。
冷眼向阳看世界，热风吹雨洒江天。
云横九派浮黄鹤，浪下三吴起白烟。
陶令不知何处去，桃花源里可耕田。
Perching as after flight, the mountain towers over the Yangtze;
I have overleapt four hundred twists to its green crest.
Cold-eyed I survey the world beyond the seas;
A hot wind spatters raindrops on the sky-brooded waters.
Clouds cluster over the nine streams, the yellow crane floating,
And billows roll on to the eastern coast, white foam flying.
Who knows whither Prefect Tao Yuan-ming is gone
Now that he can till fields in the Land of Peach Blossoms?
MILITIA WOMEN
INSCRIPTION ON A PHOTOGRAPH
--a chueh chu
February 1961
毛泽东《七绝·为女民兵题照》
一九六一年七月二日
飒爽英姿五尺枪，
曙光初照演兵场。
中华儿女多奇志，
不爱红装爱武装。
How bright and brave they look, shouldering five-foot rifles
On the parade ground lit up by the first gleams of day.
China's daughters have high-aspiring minds,
They love their battle array, not silks and satins.
REPLY TO A FRIEND
--a lu shih
《七律·答友人》
一九六一年
九嶷山上白云飞，帝子乘风下翠微。
斑竹一枝千滴泪，红霞万朵百重衣。
洞庭波涌连天雪，长岛人歌动地诗。
我欲因之梦寥廓，芙蓉国里尽朝晖。
White clouds are sailing above Mount Chiuyi;
Riding the wind, the Princesses descend the green hills.
Once they speckled the bamboos with their profuse tears,
Now they are robed in rose-red clouds.
Tungting Lake's snow-topped waves surge skyward;
The long isle reverberates with earth-shaking song.
And I am lost in dreams, untrammelled dreams
Of the land of hibiscus glowing in the morning sun.
INSCRIPTION ON A PICTURE TAKEN BY COMRADE LI CHIN
--a chueh chu
September 9, 1961
七绝•《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》
一九六一年九月九日
暮色苍茫看劲松，
乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，
无限风光在险峰。
Amid the growing shades of dusk stand sturdy pines,
Riotous clouds sweep past, swift and tranquil.
Nature has excelled herself in the Fairy Cave,
On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety.
REPLY TO COMRADE KUO MO-JO
INSCRIPTION ON A PICTURE TAKEN BY COMRADE LI CHIN
--a lu shih
November 17, 1961
《七律·和郭沫若同志》
一九六一年十一月十七日
一从大地起风雷，便有精生白骨堆。
僧是愚氓犹可训，妖为鬼蜮必成灾。
金猴愤起千钧棒，玉宇澄清万里埃。
今日欢呼孙大圣，只缘妖雾又重来。
A thunderstorm burst over the earth,
So a devil rose from a heap of white bones.
The deluded monk was not beyond the light,
But the malignant demon must wreak havoc.
The Golden Monkey wrathfully swung his massive cudgel
And the jade-like firmament was cleared of dust.
Today, a miasmal mist once more rising,
We hail Sun Wu-kung, the wonder-worker.
ODE TO THE PLUM BLOSSOM
--to the tune of Pu Suan Tzu
December 9, 1961
《卜算子·咏梅》
一九六二年十二月
读陆游咏梅词，反其意而用之。
风雨送春归，
飞雪迎春到。
已是悬崖百丈冰，
犹有花枝俏。
俏也不争春，
只把春来报。
待到山花烂漫时，
她在丛中笑。
On reading Lu Yu's Ode to the Plum Blossom, I countered it with the following lines.
Wind and rain escorted Spring's departure,
Flying snow welcomes Spring's return.
On the ice-clad rock rising high and sheer
A flower blooms sweet and fair.
Sweet and fair, she craves not Spring for herself alone,
To be the harbinger of Spring she is content.
When the mountain flowers are in full bloom
She will smile mingling in their midst.
WINTER CLOUDS
--a lu shih
December 26, 1962
《七律·冬云》
一九六二年十二月二十六日
雪压冬云白絮飞，万花纷谢一时稀。
高天滚滚寒流急，大地微微暖气吹。
独有英雄驱虎豹，更无豪杰怕熊罴。
梅花喜欢漫天雪，冻死苍蝇未足奇。
Winter clouds snow-laden, cotton fluff flying,
None or few the unfallen flowers.
Chill waves sweep through steep skies,
Yet earth's gentle breath grows warm.
Only heroes can quell tigers and leopards
And wild bears never daunt the brave.
Plum blossoms welcome the whirling snow;
Small wonder flies freeze and perish.
REPLY TO COMRADE KUO MO-JO
--to the tune of Man Chiang Hung
January 9, 1963
毛泽东《满江红·和郭沫若同志》
一九六三年一月九日
小小寰球，有几个苍蝇碰壁。
嗡嗡叫，几声凄厉，几声抽泣。
蚂蚁缘槐夸大国，蚍蜉撼树谈何易。
正西风落叶下长安，飞鸣镝。
多少事，从来急;天地转，光阴迫。
一万年太久，只争朝夕。
四海翻腾云水怒，五洲震荡风雷激。
要扫除一切害人虫，全无敌。
On this tiny globe
A few flies dash themselves against the wall,
Humming without cease,
Sometimes shrilling,
Sometimes moaning.
Ants on the locust tree assume a great-nation swagger
And mayflies lightly plot to topple the giant tree.
The west wind scatters leaves over Changan,
And the arrows are flying, twanging.
So many deeds cry out to be done,
And always urgently;
The world rolls on,
Time presses.
Ten thousand years are too long,
Seize the day, seize the hour!
The Four Seas are rising, clouds and waters raging,
The Five Continents are rocking, wind and thunder roaring.
Our force is irresistible,
Away with all pests!
KUO MO-JO'S POEM
--to the tune of Man Chiang Hung
When the seas are in turmoil
Heroes are on their mettle.
Six hundred million people,
Strong in unity,
Firm in principle,
Can shore up the falling heavens
And create order out of the reign of chaos.
The world hears the cock crowing
And day breaks in the east.
The sun rises,
The icebergs melt.
Gold is not pinchbeck
And can stand the proof of flames.
Four great volumes
Show us the way.
How absurd for Chieh's dog to bark at Yao;
The clay oxen plunge into the sea and vanish.
The red flag of revolution is unfurling in the east wind,
The universe is glowing red.
REASCENDING CHINGKANGSHAN
--to the tune of Shui Tiao Keh Tou
May 1935
水调歌头·重上井冈山
久有凌云志，
重上井冈山。
千里来寻故地，
旧貌变新颜。
到处莺歌燕舞，
更有潺潺流水，
高路入云端。
过了黄洋界，
险处不须看。
风雷动，
旌旗奋，
是人寰。
三十八年过去，
弹指一挥间。
可上九天揽月，
可下五洋捉鳖，
谈笑凯歌还。
世上无难事，
只要肯登攀。
1965年5月
I have long aspired to reach for the clouds
And I again ascend Chingkangshan.
Coming from afar to view our old haunt, I find new scenes replacing the old.
Everywhere orioles sing, swallows dart,
Streams babble
And the road mounts skyward.
Once Huangyangchieh is passed
No other perilous place calls for a glance.
Wind and thunder are stirring,
Flags and banners are flying
Wherever men live.
Thirty-eight years are fled
With a mere snap of the fingers.
We can clasp the moon in the Ninth Heaven
And seize turtles deep down in the Five Seas:
We'll return amid triumphant song and laughter.
Nothing is hard in this world
If you dare to scale the heights.
TWO BIRDS: A DIALOGUE
--to the tune of Nien Nu Chiao
Autumn 1965
念奴娇·鸟儿问答
鲲鹏展翅，
九万里，
翻动扶摇羊角。
背负青天朝下看，
都是人间城郭。
炮火连天，
弹痕遍地。
吓倒蓬间雀。
怎么得了，
哎呀我要飞跃。
借问君去何方？
雀儿答道：
有仙山琼阁。
不见前年秋月朗，
订了三家条约。
还有吃的，
土豆烧熟了，
再加牛肉。
不须放屁，
试看天地翻覆。
1965年秋
The roc wings fanwise,
Soaring ninety thousand li
And rousing a raging cyclone.
The blue sky on his back, he looks down
To survey Man's world with its towns and cities.
Gunfire licks the heavens,
Shells pit the earth.
A sparrow in his bush is scared stiff..
"This is one hell of a mess!
O I want to flit and fly away."
"Where, may I ask?"
The sparrow replies,
"To a jewelled palace in elfland's hills.
Don't you know a triple pact was signed
Under the bright autumn moon two years ago?
There'll be plenty to eat,
Potatoes piping hot,
Beef-filled goulash."
"Stop your windy nonsense!
Look, the world is being turned upside down."
Monday 30 November 2009
English translation
CHANGSHA
--to the tune of Chin Yuan Chun
1925
毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》
独立寒秋，湘江北去，
橘子洲头。
看万山红遍，层林尽染。
漫江碧透，百舸争流。
鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，
万类霜天竞自由。
怅寥廓，
问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮。
携来百侣曾游，
忆往昔，峥嵘岁月稠。
恰同学少年，风华正茂。
书生意气，挥斥方猷。
指点江山，激扬文字，
粪土当年万户侯。
曾记否，
到中流击水，浪遏飞舟。
Alone I stand in the autumn cold
On the tip of Orange Island,
The Hsiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep-dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide in the limpid deep;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this boundless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
I was here with a throng of companions,
Vivid yet those crowded months and years.
Young we were, schoolmates,
At life's full flowering;
Filled with student enthusiasm
Boldly we cast all restraints aside.
Pointing to our mountains and rivers,
Setting people afire with our words,
We counted the mighty no more than muck.
Remember still
How, venturing midstream, we struck the waters
And waves stayed the speeding boats?
YELLOW CRANE TOWER
--to the tune of Pu Sa Man
Spring 1927
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼》
一九二七年春
茫茫九派流中国，沉沉一线穿南北。
烟雨莽苍苍，龟蛇锁大江。
黄鹤知何去？剩有游人处。
把酒酹滔滔，心潮逐浪高！
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land,
Dark, dark threads the line from south to north.
Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain
Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither?
Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors.
I pledge my wine to the surging torrent,
The tide of my heart swells with the waves.
CHINGKANGSHAN
--to the tune of Hsi Chiang Yueh
Autumn 1928
毛泽东《西江月·井岗山》
一九二八年秋
山下旌(jing1)旗在望，山头鼓角相闻。
敌军围困万千重，我自威然不动。
早已森严壁垒，更加众志成城。
黄洋界上炮声隆，报道敌军宵遁。
Below the hills fly our flags and banners,
Above the hilltops sound our bugles and drums.
The foe encircles us thousands strong,
Steadfastly we stand our ground.
Already our defence is iron-clad,
Now our wills unite like a fortress.
From Huangyangchieh roars the thunder of guns,
Word comes the enemy has fled into the night.
THE WARLORDS CLASH
--to the tune of Ching Ping Yueh
Autumn 1929
毛泽东《清平乐·蒋桂战争》
一九二九年秋
风云突变，
军阀重开战。
洒向人间都是怨，
一枕黄梁再现。
红旗跃过汀江，
直下龙岩上杭。
收拾金瓯一片，
分田分地真忙。
Sudden veer of wind and rain
Showering misery through the land,
The warlords are clashing anew--
Yet another Golden Millet Dream.
Red banners leap over the Ting River
Straight to Lungyen and Shanghang.
We have reclaimed part of the golden bowl
And land is being shared out with a will.
THE DOUBLE NINTH
--to the tune of Tsai Sang Tzu
October 1929
毛泽东《采桑子·重阳》
一九二九年秋
人生易老天难老，
岁岁重阳，今又重阳，
战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲，
不似春光，胜似春光，
寥廓江天万里霜。
Man ages all too easily, not Nature:
Year by year the Double Ninth returns.
On this Double Ninth,
The yellow blooms on the battlefield smell sweeter.
Each year the autumn wind blows fierce,
Unlike spring's splendour,
Yet surpassing spring's splendour,
See the endless expanse of frosty sky and water.
NEW YEAR'S DAY
--to the tune of Ju Meng Ling
January 1930
毛泽东《如梦令·元旦》
一九三零年冬
宁化、清流、归化，
路隘林深苔滑。
今日向何方，
直指武夷山下。
山下山下，
风展红旗如画。
Ninghua, Chingliu, Kueihua--
What narrow paths, deep woods and slippery moss!
Whither are we bound today?
Straight to the foot of Wuyi Mountain.
To the mountain, the foot of the mountain,
Red flags stream in the wind in a blaze of glory.
ON THE KUANGCHANG ROAD
-- to the tune of Chien Tzu Mu Lan Hua
February 1930
毛泽东《减字木兰花·广昌路上》
一九三零年冬
漫天皆白，雪里行军情更迫。
头上高山，风卷红旗过大关。
此行何处？
赣江风雪迷漫处。
命令昨颁，
十万工农下吉安。
The whole wide world is white,
Through the snow eagerly we press on.
Crags loom above our heads,
We cross the great pass, red flags waving in the wind.
Where are we bound?
To the snow-swept River Kan.
Yesterday the order was given,
One hundred thousand workers and peasants march on Kian.
MARCH FROM TINGCHOW TO CHANGSHA
--to the tune of Tieh Lien Hua
July 1930
毛泽东《蝶恋花·从汀洲向长沙》
一九三零年夏
六万天兵征腐恶，
万丈长缨要把鲲鹏缚。
赣水那边红一角，
偏师借重黄公略。
百万工农齐踊跃，
席卷江西直捣湘与鄂。
国际悲歌歌一曲，
狂飙(biao1)为我从天落。
In June Heaven's armies chastise the corrupt and evil,
Seeking to bind roc and whale with a league-long cord.
Red glows the far side of the Kan,
Thanks to our wing under Huang Kung-lueh.
A million workers and peasants rise up,
Sweeping Kiangsi straight towards Hunan and Hupeh.
To the Internationale's stirring strains
A wild whirlwind swoops from the sky.
AGAINST THE FIRST "ENCIRCLEMENT" CAMPAIGN
--to the tune of Yu Chia Ao
Spring 1931
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿”》
一九三一年春
万木霜天红灿漫，
天兵怒气冲霄汉。
雾满龙岗千嶂暗，
齐声唤，前头捉了张辉瓒。
二十万军重入赣，
风烟滚滚来天半。
唤起工农千百万，
同心干，不周山下红旗乱。
Forests blaze red beneath the frosty sky,
The wrath of Heaven's armies soars to the clouds.
Mist veils Lungkang, its thousand peaks blurred.
All cry out in unison:
Our van has taken Chang Hui-tsan!
The enemy returns to Kiangsi two hundred thousand strong,
Fumes billowing in the wind in mid-sky.
Workers and peasants are wakened in their millions
To fight as one man,
Under the riot of red flags round the foot of Puchou !*
AGAINST THE SECOND "ENCIRCLEMENT" CAMPAIGN
--to the tune of Yu Chia Ao
Summer 1931
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿”》
一九三一年夏
白云山头云欲立，
白云山下呼声急，
枯木朽株齐努力。
枪林逼，飞将军自重霄入。
七百里驱十五日，
赣水苍茫闽山碧，
横扫千军如卷席。
有人泣，为营步步嗟何及！
The very clouds foam atop White Cloud Mountain,
At its base the roar of battle quickens.
Withered trees and rotten stumps join in the fray.
A forest of rifles presses,
As the Flying General descends from the skies.
In fifteen days we have marched seven hundred li
Crossing misty Kan waters and green Fukien hills,
Rolling back the enemy as we would a mat.
A voice is heard wailing;
His "Bastion at every step" avails him nought!
Tapoti
Summer 1933
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·大柏地》
一九三三年夏
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫，
谁持彩练当空舞？
雨后复斜阳，
关山阵阵苍。
当年鏖战急，
弹洞前村壁。
装点此关山，
今朝更好看。
Red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, violet, indigo:
Who is dancing with these
rainbow colours in the sky?
Air after rain, slanting sun:
mountains and passes turning blue
in each changing moment.
Fierce battles that year:
bullet holes in village walls.
These mountains so decorated,
look even more beautiful today.
--to the tune of Chin Yuan Chun
1925
毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》
独立寒秋，湘江北去，
橘子洲头。
看万山红遍，层林尽染。
漫江碧透，百舸争流。
鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，
万类霜天竞自由。
怅寥廓，
问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮。
携来百侣曾游，
忆往昔，峥嵘岁月稠。
恰同学少年，风华正茂。
书生意气，挥斥方猷。
指点江山，激扬文字，
粪土当年万户侯。
曾记否，
到中流击水，浪遏飞舟。
Alone I stand in the autumn cold
On the tip of Orange Island,
The Hsiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep-dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide in the limpid deep;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this boundless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
I was here with a throng of companions,
Vivid yet those crowded months and years.
Young we were, schoolmates,
At life's full flowering;
Filled with student enthusiasm
Boldly we cast all restraints aside.
Pointing to our mountains and rivers,
Setting people afire with our words,
We counted the mighty no more than muck.
Remember still
How, venturing midstream, we struck the waters
And waves stayed the speeding boats?
YELLOW CRANE TOWER
--to the tune of Pu Sa Man
Spring 1927
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼》
一九二七年春
茫茫九派流中国，沉沉一线穿南北。
烟雨莽苍苍，龟蛇锁大江。
黄鹤知何去？剩有游人处。
把酒酹滔滔，心潮逐浪高！
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land,
Dark, dark threads the line from south to north.
Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain
Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither?
Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors.
I pledge my wine to the surging torrent,
The tide of my heart swells with the waves.
CHINGKANGSHAN
--to the tune of Hsi Chiang Yueh
Autumn 1928
毛泽东《西江月·井岗山》
一九二八年秋
山下旌(jing1)旗在望，山头鼓角相闻。
敌军围困万千重，我自威然不动。
早已森严壁垒，更加众志成城。
黄洋界上炮声隆，报道敌军宵遁。
Below the hills fly our flags and banners,
Above the hilltops sound our bugles and drums.
The foe encircles us thousands strong,
Steadfastly we stand our ground.
Already our defence is iron-clad,
Now our wills unite like a fortress.
From Huangyangchieh roars the thunder of guns,
Word comes the enemy has fled into the night.
THE WARLORDS CLASH
--to the tune of Ching Ping Yueh
Autumn 1929
毛泽东《清平乐·蒋桂战争》
一九二九年秋
风云突变，
军阀重开战。
洒向人间都是怨，
一枕黄梁再现。
红旗跃过汀江，
直下龙岩上杭。
收拾金瓯一片，
分田分地真忙。
Sudden veer of wind and rain
Showering misery through the land,
The warlords are clashing anew--
Yet another Golden Millet Dream.
Red banners leap over the Ting River
Straight to Lungyen and Shanghang.
We have reclaimed part of the golden bowl
And land is being shared out with a will.
THE DOUBLE NINTH
--to the tune of Tsai Sang Tzu
October 1929
毛泽东《采桑子·重阳》
一九二九年秋
人生易老天难老，
岁岁重阳，今又重阳，
战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲，
不似春光，胜似春光，
寥廓江天万里霜。
Man ages all too easily, not Nature:
Year by year the Double Ninth returns.
On this Double Ninth,
The yellow blooms on the battlefield smell sweeter.
Each year the autumn wind blows fierce,
Unlike spring's splendour,
Yet surpassing spring's splendour,
See the endless expanse of frosty sky and water.
NEW YEAR'S DAY
--to the tune of Ju Meng Ling
January 1930
毛泽东《如梦令·元旦》
一九三零年冬
宁化、清流、归化，
路隘林深苔滑。
今日向何方，
直指武夷山下。
山下山下，
风展红旗如画。
Ninghua, Chingliu, Kueihua--
What narrow paths, deep woods and slippery moss!
Whither are we bound today?
Straight to the foot of Wuyi Mountain.
To the mountain, the foot of the mountain,
Red flags stream in the wind in a blaze of glory.
ON THE KUANGCHANG ROAD
-- to the tune of Chien Tzu Mu Lan Hua
February 1930
毛泽东《减字木兰花·广昌路上》
一九三零年冬
漫天皆白，雪里行军情更迫。
头上高山，风卷红旗过大关。
此行何处？
赣江风雪迷漫处。
命令昨颁，
十万工农下吉安。
The whole wide world is white,
Through the snow eagerly we press on.
Crags loom above our heads,
We cross the great pass, red flags waving in the wind.
Where are we bound?
To the snow-swept River Kan.
Yesterday the order was given,
One hundred thousand workers and peasants march on Kian.
MARCH FROM TINGCHOW TO CHANGSHA
--to the tune of Tieh Lien Hua
July 1930
毛泽东《蝶恋花·从汀洲向长沙》
一九三零年夏
六万天兵征腐恶，
万丈长缨要把鲲鹏缚。
赣水那边红一角，
偏师借重黄公略。
百万工农齐踊跃，
席卷江西直捣湘与鄂。
国际悲歌歌一曲，
狂飙(biao1)为我从天落。
In June Heaven's armies chastise the corrupt and evil,
Seeking to bind roc and whale with a league-long cord.
Red glows the far side of the Kan,
Thanks to our wing under Huang Kung-lueh.
A million workers and peasants rise up,
Sweeping Kiangsi straight towards Hunan and Hupeh.
To the Internationale's stirring strains
A wild whirlwind swoops from the sky.
AGAINST THE FIRST "ENCIRCLEMENT" CAMPAIGN
--to the tune of Yu Chia Ao
Spring 1931
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿”》
一九三一年春
万木霜天红灿漫，
天兵怒气冲霄汉。
雾满龙岗千嶂暗，
齐声唤，前头捉了张辉瓒。
二十万军重入赣，
风烟滚滚来天半。
唤起工农千百万，
同心干，不周山下红旗乱。
Forests blaze red beneath the frosty sky,
The wrath of Heaven's armies soars to the clouds.
Mist veils Lungkang, its thousand peaks blurred.
All cry out in unison:
Our van has taken Chang Hui-tsan!
The enemy returns to Kiangsi two hundred thousand strong,
Fumes billowing in the wind in mid-sky.
Workers and peasants are wakened in their millions
To fight as one man,
Under the riot of red flags round the foot of Puchou !*
AGAINST THE SECOND "ENCIRCLEMENT" CAMPAIGN
--to the tune of Yu Chia Ao
Summer 1931
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿”》
一九三一年夏
白云山头云欲立，
白云山下呼声急，
枯木朽株齐努力。
枪林逼，飞将军自重霄入。
七百里驱十五日，
赣水苍茫闽山碧，
横扫千军如卷席。
有人泣，为营步步嗟何及！
The very clouds foam atop White Cloud Mountain,
At its base the roar of battle quickens.
Withered trees and rotten stumps join in the fray.
A forest of rifles presses,
As the Flying General descends from the skies.
In fifteen days we have marched seven hundred li
Crossing misty Kan waters and green Fukien hills,
Rolling back the enemy as we would a mat.
A voice is heard wailing;
His "Bastion at every step" avails him nought!
Tapoti
Summer 1933
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·大柏地》
一九三三年夏
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫，
谁持彩练当空舞？
雨后复斜阳，
关山阵阵苍。
当年鏖战急，
弹洞前村壁。
装点此关山，
今朝更好看。
Red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, violet, indigo:
Who is dancing with these
rainbow colours in the sky?
Air after rain, slanting sun:
mountains and passes turning blue
in each changing moment.
Fierce battles that year:
bullet holes in village walls.
These mountains so decorated,
look even more beautiful today.
毛泽东诗词选 --- 序
毛泽东诗词选
序
可以夸张地说，西方的文明和文化的普及，应归功于基督教所强加的人必诵咏的《圣经》。而我们许多的古典诗词知识，也许应归功于毛泽东的诗词在文革期间的广泛普及。 对我个人来说，古典诗词的知识更多来源于小时候的“私塾” 老师蔡起贤。虽然蔡先生与老毛的间接瓜葛没有什么好结局——蔡先生自解放后，特别是五七年反右之后就不断惨遭迫害，但他在当年只有五六平方米的房间中，还珍藏着一套四卷他编撰的手抄 “毛主席诗词诠释”，不知今天这部著作出版了没有？ 书中引古论今，把毛泽东的诗词风格及引用的典故都一一注释。蔡先生的古典文学之功底极其深厚，显然是一个十足的老毛要打的“老九”。然而从老毛的诗词看，老毛却也是彻头彻尾的“老九” 。
文革高峰的时候，历史课被视为“封建”而废除，而老毛的三十几首诗中，却将整部中国历史排列下来 —— “不周山下” “子在川上曰”，“鲲鹏展翅”“沽名学霸王”，“秦皇汉武”“魏武挥鞭”，“唐宗宋祖”，“成吉思汉”，“军阀重开战”，“百万雄师过大江”，此外还点缀着 “小小环球” 的国际主义 ——“一截遗欧，一截赠美，一截还东国”，以至 “土豆加牛肉”的苏修（看今日，已不是“土豆加牛肉” 步入共产主义， 而是“面包加汽油”跳进资本主义了）。毛泽东的诗词给人的第一感觉就是壮阔，其挥写的常常是万里江山，千军万马的宏伟场面。历来的诠释者都是在强调其辽阔之中的“革命乐观主义”， 但如果仔细读一下，字里行间却也常常流露出一种曹孟德的“月明星稀，鸟鹊南飞”的隐隐惆怅。例如“怅寥廓，问苍茫大地”，“一片汪洋都不见，知向谁边”，“萧瑟秋风今又是”。数一数，他用得最多的字是“万”和“苍”，也许这正是他的人生哲学“人间正道是苍桑”的叹息吧。
写古诗最难的是写现代题材。记得小时候跟蔡先生学古诗，写来写去总不外“闲行阡陌上，万里碧云长”，“半斜夕阳下，醉卧古松旁”的老气横秋诗句。要写现代题材吧，“万丈高楼平地起”，“车水马龙运输忙”则太打油，而郭沫若的“大快人心事，粉碎四人帮”则叫人哭笑不得。毛泽东诗词中最成功的一点，则是用古体诗及大量典故来描写现代题材。试看“神女应无恙，当惊世界殊”，“忽报人间曾伏虎，泪飞顿作倾盆雨”，更有许多“岁岁重阳，今又重阳，战地黄花分外香”、“雄关漫道真如铁”等的战争题材。
纵观毛泽东其人，为政似朱元璋秦始皇，诗词偶如曹操，这些都很可理解，但有一个唐朝诗人对毛泽东诗词的影响似乎更大，这就是既非帝王将相，又非政坛沙场风云人物，只活了二十七岁的一介书生李贺。“一唱雄鸡天下白”源于李贺的“雄鸡一声天下白”（前者在平仄及炼字上比后者更佳），“人生易老天难老”或“天若有情天亦老”则是出自李贺的原句“天若有情天亦老”。也许可以这样理解∶李贺与毛泽东都是既不信鬼神或藐视鬼神，而诗作中却充满了鬼神之气的矛盾人物。
毛泽东喜欢借用别人的诗句，这一点使古典正统先生们大为反感，因而贬其诗词为“抄袭”。而实际上这些借用之句都有许多神妙之处。例如前面所讲的李贺诗句，还有“我欲因之梦寥廓”（李白∶“我欲因之梦吴越”），“天若有情天亦老”（见李贺句，或薛昂夫“春若有情春更苦”），“东临碣石有遗篇”（曹操∶“东临碣石”）。其引用之句恰到好处，而炼字常比原句更妙。
毛泽东诗词另一个明显特点是粗旷。这是用古典诗词写现代题材最难的一点。“齐声唤，前头捉了张辉瓒”；“当年鏖战急，弹洞前村壁”。老年的毛泽东也许粗旷的什么都不讲究了，已至冒出著名的“不须… …”的佳句来。
这个世纪是中国社会的苍海桑田。无疑，毛泽东已成了现代中国的“魏武挥鞭”，“今朝”的“风流人物”。想当年，毛泽东作古，举国吊丧痛哭，而隔岸台湾则是爆竹一片 （见76年9月“纽约时报”）。 叹今日，十年文革已成伤痕，毛像毛选又成热门之物。真可谓，“千秋功罪，谁人曾与评说”！
王璜鑫 1992年1月于美国费城
【附】此电子文本，除特别注明外，大多为我妻子曾夏云和我所输入。注解取自
数家（如臧克家、郭沫若、周振甫等），去其政治性语言，只留背景事实及词句诠释。
毛泽东《沁园春·长沙》
独立寒秋，湘江北去，
橘子洲头。
看万山红遍，层林尽染。
漫江碧透，百舸争流。
鹰击长空，鱼翔浅底，
万类霜天竞自由。
怅寥廓，
问苍茫大地，谁主沉浮。
携来百侣曾游，
忆往昔，峥嵘岁月稠。
恰同学少年，风华正茂。
书生意气，挥斥方猷。
指点江山，激扬文字，
粪土当年万户侯。
曾记否，
到中流击水，浪遏飞舟。
沁园春（词牌）∶由东汉的沁水公主园得名。
长沙∶1913-1918毛泽东就读于湖南第一师范学校。
同学少年∶毛泽东于一九一八年发起新民学会，入会有蔡和森、何叔衡。
猷∶劲
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼》
一九二七年春
茫茫九派流中国，沉沉一线穿南北。
烟雨莽苍苍，龟蛇锁大江。
黄鹤知何去？剩有游人处。
把酒酹滔滔，心潮逐浪高！
题解∶此词意景可对照王维的《江汉临眺》∶“楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。江流天
地外，山色有无中。”
菩萨蛮（词牌）∶唐朝女蛮国进贡者。他们梳有高高发髻，戴金饰帽子，挂珠玉项圈。
黄鹤楼∶长江南岸武昌。传仙人子安骑黄鹤过。唐崔（景页）的《黄鹤楼》∶“昔
人已乘黄鹤去，此地空余黄鹤楼。黄鹤一去不复返，白云千载空悠悠。晴川历历汉阳
树，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。日暮乡关何处是？烟波江上使人愁。”
龟蛇∶龟山在汉阳;蛇山在武昌。
酹（lei4）∶祭奠，浇酒于地。苏轼《念奴娇》∶ “一樽还酹江月”。
毛泽东《西江月·井岗山》
一九二八年秋
山下旌(jing1)旗在望，山头鼓角相闻。
敌军围困万千重，我自威然不动。
早已森严壁垒，更加众志成城。
黄洋界上炮声隆，报道敌军宵遁。
西江月（词牌）∶李白《苏台怀古诗》∶“只今唯有西江月，曾照吴王宫里人。”
井岗山∶在江西西部及湖南东部，方圆五百里。
毛泽东《清平乐·蒋桂战争》
一九二九年秋
风云突变，军阀重开战。
洒向人间都是怨，一枕黄梁再现。
红旗跃过汀江，直下龙岩上杭。
收拾金瓯一片，分田分地真忙。
蒋桂战争∶蒋介石—桂系李宗仁战争(1929年2月)
一枕黄梁∶唐沈既济《枕中记》之卢生。
汀江∶流经福建长汀，上杭。
金瓯∶古喻国家江山完整无缺
毛泽东《采桑子·重阳》
一九二九年秋
人生易老天难老，
岁岁重阳，今又重阳，
战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲，
不似春光，胜似春光，
寥廓江天万里霜。
采桑子（词牌）∶本于古乐采桑曲。
重阳∶阴历9月初9。
人生易老天难老∶李贺《金铜仙人辞汉歌》∶“天若有情天亦老。”
毛泽东《如梦令·元旦》
一九三零年冬
宁化、清流、归化，
路隘林深苔滑。
今日向何方，
直指武夷山下。
山下山下，
风展红旗如画。
如梦令（词牌）∶唐庄宗诗句“如梦、如梦”
宁化、清流、归化∶于福建
毛泽东《减字木兰花·广昌路上》
一九三零年冬
漫天皆白，雪里行军情更迫。
头上高山，风卷红旗过大关。
此行何处？
赣江风雪迷漫处。
命令昨颁，
十万工农下吉安。
减字木兰花∶由《木兰花令》减字变韵而成。
广昌∶江西南丰县南，汝水上游西北岸。
吉安∶江西中部。
毛泽东《蝶恋花·从汀洲向长沙》
一九三零年夏
六万天兵征腐恶，
万丈长缨要把鲲鹏缚。
赣水那边红一角，
偏师借重黄公略。
百万工农齐踊跃，
席卷江西直捣湘与鄂。
国际悲歌歌一曲，
狂飙(biao1)为我从天落。
蝶恋花（词牌）∶又称“鹊踏枝”，宋晏殊改之。
题解∶作于1930.6进攻南昌后不久
鲲鹏∶《庄子逍遥游》∶鲲之大，不知其几千里也，化而为鸟，其名为鹏，鹏之背不
知其几千里也。
黄公略∶1898-1931。1928参加平江起义，1930任红三军军长;六月，编入第一军团。
1931年10月牺牲。
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿”》
一九三一年春
万木霜天红灿漫，
天兵怒气冲霄汉。
雾满龙岗千嶂暗，
齐声唤，前头捉了张辉瓒。
二十万军重入赣，
风烟滚滚来天半。
唤起工农千百万，
同心干，不周山下红旗乱。【原注】
【原注】∶关于共工头触不周山的故事∶《淮南子天文训》∶“昔者共工与颛
顼争为帝，怒而触不周山，天柱折，地维绝。天倾西北，故日月星辰移焉;地不
满西南，故水潦尘埃归焉。”
《国语周语》∶“昔共工弃此道也，虞于湛乐，淫失其身，欲壅防百川，坠高
堙庳，以害天下。皇天弗福，庶民弗助，祸乱并兴，共工用灭。”(韦昭注∶
“贾侍中[按指后汉贾逵]云∶共工，诸侯，炎帝之后，姜姓也。颛顼氏衰，共
工氏侵陵诸侯，与高辛氏争而王也。”)
《史记》司马贞补《三皇本纪》∶“当其(按指女娲)末年也，诸侯有共工氏，
任智刑以强，霸而不王，以水乘木，乃与祝融战，不胜而怒，乃头触不周山崩，
天柱折，地维缺。”
毛按∶诸说不同。我取《淮南子·天文训》，共工是胜利的英雄。你看，“怒而
触不周之山，天柱折，地维绝。天倾西北，故日月星辰移焉;地不满西南，故水潦
尘埃归焉。”他死了没有？没有说。看来是没有死。共工确实是胜利了。
渔家傲（词牌）∶本于晏殊词∶“神仙一曲渔家傲。”
第一次大“围剿”∶1930年蒋介石在结束与冯玉祥、阎锡山战争后，进攻赣南，
闽西的中共中央根据地。
张辉瓒∶国民党第十八师师长，围剿前线总指挥。
毛泽东《渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿”》
一九三一年夏
白云山头云欲立，
白云山下呼声急，
枯木朽株齐努力。
枪林逼，飞将军自重霄入。
七百里驱十五日，
赣水苍茫闽山碧，
横扫千军如卷席。
有人泣，为营步步嗟何及！
第二次大“围剿”∶1931.5.10 至 5.30。何应钦为总司令，总兵力二十万。
白云山∶在江西吉安、 东固。
飞将军∶《史记·李将军列传》∶“广居右北平，匈奴闻之，号曰汉之飞将军。”
为营步步∶蒋介石在第二次大围剿采用“稳扎稳打，步步为营”方法。
毛泽东《菩萨蛮·大柏地》
一九三三年夏
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫，
谁持彩练当空舞？
雨后复斜阳，
关山阵阵苍。
当年鏖战急，
弹洞前村壁。
装点此关山，
今朝更好看。
大柏地∶江西瑞金城北
毛泽东《清平乐·会昌》
一九三四年夏
东方欲晓，
莫道君行早。
踏遍青山人未老，
风景这边独好。
会昌城外高峰，
颠连直接东溟。
战士指看南粤，
更加郁郁葱葱。
会昌∶1930.1 红四军从闽西 转入江西南部会昌 县，开辟赣南根据地。
郁郁葱葱∶《后汉书·光武帝纪》∶“气佳哉，郁郁葱葱然！”
毛泽东《忆秦娥·娄山关》
一九三五年夏冬
西风烈，长空雁叫霜晨月。
霜晨月，马蹄声碎，喇叭声咽。
雄关漫道真如铁，
而今迈步从头越。
从头越，苍山如海，夕阳如血。
忆秦娥（词牌名）∶李白诗∶“秦娥梦断秦楼月。”
娄山关∶遵义县之北. 从贵州入四川的要道。工农红军 长征中，1935年1月4
深夜占领遵义。
娄山关（激战）∶ 遵义城外，长征以来第一次胜利。
毛泽东《十六字令》
1934年到1935年
山，快马加鞭未下鞍。
惊回首，离天三尺三【原注】。
其二
山，倒海翻江卷巨澜。
奔腾急，万马战犹酣。
其三
山，刺破青天锷未残。
天欲坠，赖以拄其间。
【原注】∶民谣∶“上有骷髅山，下有八宝山，离天三尺三。人过要低头，
马过要下鞍。
题解∶作于二万五千里长征途中。
锷∶剑锋。
天欲坠，赖以拄其间∶《淮南子·天文训》∶“昔者共工与颛顼争为帝，怒而触不
周之山，天柱折，地维绝。”
毛泽东《七律·长征》
一九三五年十月
红军不怕远征难，万水千山只等闲。
五岭逶迤腾细浪，乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。
金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒。
更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜。
长征∶一九三四年十月从江西、福建出发，于一九三五年十月到达陕北。行军二万
五千里。
五岭∶大庾(yu3)岭，骑田岭，都庞岭，萌渚岭，越城岭，或称南岭。横亘(gen4)
在江西、湖南、两广之间。
走泥丸∶《汉书》∶“阪上走丸”。
铁索∶大渡河上泸定桥。
岷山∶又称大雪山，在四川西北，海拔五千米以上。
毛泽东《念奴娇·昆仑》
一九三五年十月
横空出世，莽昆仑，阅尽人间春色。
飞起玉龙三百万【原注】，搅得周天寒澈。
夏日消溶，江河横溢，人或为鱼鳖。
千秋功罪，谁人曾与评说？
而今我谓昆仑∶不要这高，不要这多雪。
安得倚天抽宝剑，把汝裁为三截？
一截遗欧，一截赠美，一截还东国。
太平世界，环球同此凉热。
【原注】前人所谓“战罢玉龙三百万，败鳞残甲满天飞”,说的是飞雪。这里借
用一句，说的是雪山。夏日登岷山远望，群山飞舞，一片皆白。老百姓说，当年
孙行者过此，都是火焰山，就是他借了芭蕉扇扇灭了火，所以变白了。
念奴娇（词牌）∶念奴是唐朝天宝时歌女。
昆仑∶位于新疆于阗 河上源。从帕米尔高原 起，沿新疆西藏边界向东延伸，最
高峰公格尔山，海拔7719公尺，是我国最大的山脉之一。
人或为鱼鳖∶《左传·昭公元年》，刘定公说∶“微（没有）禹，吾其鱼乎！”
玉龙三百万∶见【原注】。“前人”指宋张元。
倚天抽宝剑∶宋玉《大言赋》∶“方地为车，圆天为盖，长剑耿耿倚天外。”李白
《大猎赋》∶“于是擢(zhou2)倚天之剑。”
毛泽东《清平月·六盘山》
一九三五年十月
天高云淡，望断南飞雁。
不到长城非好汉，
屈指行程二万。
六盘山上高峰，
红旗漫卷西风。
今日长缨在手，
何时缚住苍龙。
六盘山∶甘肃省南部。
红旗∶在《诗刊》创刊号上发表作“旄头”。1961年9月改为“红旗”发表在10月7日
《光明日报》影印。
苍龙∶《后汉书·张纯传》∶“苍龙甲寅”。注∶“苍龙，太岁也”。太岁为凶神恶
煞，太岁在地上，与天上岁星相应。
毛泽东《沁园春·雪》
一九四六年二月
北国风光，
千里冰封，
万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟馀莽莽。
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，【原注】
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，
看红妆素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，
引无数英雄竞折腰。
昔秦皇汉武，略输文采。
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
一代天骄，成吉思汗，
只识弯弓射大雕。
俱往矣，
数风流人物，还看今朝。
【原注】“原”指高原，即秦晋高原。
题解∶一九四五年八月二十八日，毛泽东从延安飞重庆，同国民党进行了四十三天的
谈判。此间，柳亚子有诗赠毛，毛则作此词。发表在周恩来的《新华日报》上。
莽莽∶杜甫《对雨》∶“莽莽天涯雨。”
秦皇汉武∶秦始皇，汉武帝。
唐宗宋祖∶唐太宗，宋太祖。
风骚∶自《国风》、《离骚》，泛指文学。
毛泽东《七律·人民解放军占领南京》
一九四九年四月
钟山风雨起苍黄，百万雄师过大江。
虎踞龙盘今胜昔，天翻地覆慨而慷。
宜将胜勇追穷寇，不可沽名学霸王。
天若有情天亦老，人间正道是沧桑。
钟山∶南京中山门外紫金山。
虎踞龙盘∶《三国志》诸葛亮与孙权论金陵说，“钟阜龙蟠(pan2)，石城虎踞。”
慨而慷∶曹操《短歌行》∶“慨当以慷，忧思难忘。”
追穷寇∶《孙子兵法·军争篇》∶“穷寇勿追。”
天若有情天亦老∶李贺《金铜仙人辞汉歌》∶“衰兰送客咸阳道，天若有情天亦老。”
毛泽东《七律·和柳亚子先生》
一九四九年四月二十九日
饮茶粤海未能忘，索句渝州叶正黄。
三十一年还旧国，落花时节读华章。
牢骚太盛防断肠，风物长宜放眼量。
莫道昆明池水浅，观鱼胜过富春江。
柳亚子∶名弃疾，字安如，号亚子。第一次与毛泽东交往于一九二五年至二六年。
饮茶粤海未能忘∶柳亚子一九四一年诗寄毛泽东∶“云天倘许同忧国，粤海难忘共
品茶。”
索句渝州叶正黄∶指致柳亚子的诗《沁园春·雪》。渝州∶重庆。
牢骚太盛防断肠∶一九四九年三月二十八夜柳亚子作《感事呈毛主席一首》
（“华章”）∶“开天辟地君真健，说项依刘我大雄。夺席谈经非五鹿，无车弹铗
怨冯灌。头颅早悔平生贱，肝胆宁存一寸丹！安得南征驰捷报，分湖便是子陵滩。”
分湖为柳亚子家乡。意为他要回家隐居。毛泽东和的是另一首诗。
昆明∶指北京颐和园昆明湖。昆明湖取名于汉武帝在长安凿的昆明池。
富春江∶指东汉初年，严光不愿出来做官，隐居在浙江富春江边钓鱼。
毛泽东《浣溪沙·和柳亚子先生》
一九五零年十月
一九五零年国庆观剧，柳亚子先生即席赋《浣溪沙》，因步其韵奉和。
长夜难明赤县天，
百年魔怪舞翩跹，
人民五亿不团园。
一唱雄鸡天下白，
万方乐奏有于阗，
诗人兴会更无前。
浣溪沙（词牌）∶唐教坊（音乐学校）里曲子的名称。
赤县∶战国时称中国为赤县神州。
翩跹∶(pian1qian1) 跳舞状。
一唱雄鸡天下白∶李贺《致酒行》∶“雄鸡一声天下白。”
于阗(tian4)∶汉朝西域国名，在今新疆。
柳亚子《浣沙溪》∶
火树银花不夜天，
弟兄姐妹舞翩跹，
歌声唱彻月儿圆。
不是一人能领导，
那容百族共（马并）阗，
良宵盛会喜空前。
毛泽东《浪淘沙·北戴河》
一九五四年夏
大雨落幽燕，白浪滔天，
秦皇岛外打鱼船。
一片汪洋都不见，知向谁边？
往事越千年，魏武挥鞭，
东临碣石有遗篇。
萧瑟秋风今又是，换了人间。
幽燕∶古幽州及燕国，在今河北省北部及东北部。
滔天∶《书经·尧典》∶“浩浩滔天。”
魏武挥鞭，东临碣石有遗篇∶魏武帝曹操于建安十二年（公元207年）北伐乌
桓(huan2)，路过碣石山。碣石山在北戴河外，靠近渤海，汉朝时还在陆上，到
六朝时已经沉到渤海里了。曹操登临碣石山，遗传下来《步出夏门行》组诗，
其第二首∶“东临碣石，以观苍海。”
萧瑟秋风∶曹操《步出夏门行》第二首∶“秋风萧瑟，洪波涌起。”
毛泽东《水调歌头·游泳》
一九五六年六月
才饮长江水，又食武昌鱼。
万里长江横渡，极目楚天舒。
不管风吹浪打，胜似闲庭信步，今日得宽余。
子在川上曰∶逝者如斯夫！
风樯动，龟蛇静，起宏图。
一桥飞架南北，天堑变通途。
更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖。
神女应无恙，当今世界殊。
水调歌头（词牌名）∶水调本为一曲子。歌头∶曲子开头部分。
游泳∶一九五六年六月一日，毛泽东从武昌游过长江到达汉口。六月三日，第二次
游过长江，从汉阳穿过长江大桥桥洞到武昌。四日，第三次游过长江，也从汉阳到
武昌。
才饮长江水，又食武昌鱼∶三国吴孙皓时民谣∶“宁饮建业水，不食武昌鱼。”
（反对孙皓从建业迁都到武昌。）
子在川上曰∶《论语·子罕篇》∶“逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！”
巫山云雨∶宋玉《高唐赋》，称楚襄王梦见神女，神女说她“旦为行云，暮为行雨。”
天堑(qian4)∶南北朝的陈朝的孔范，称长江为天堑。
西江石壁∶指长江西部的一道拦河坝。
毛泽东《蝶恋花·答李淑一》
１９５７年５月１１日
我失骄杨君失柳，
杨柳轻扬直上重霄九。
问讯吴刚何所有，
吴刚捧出桂花酒。
寂寞嫦娥舒广袖，
万里长空且为忠魂舞。
忽报人间曾伏虎，
泪飞顿作倾盆雨。
原题∶《游仙》
李淑一∶湖南长沙第十中学语文教师。
杨∶杨开慧（一九三零年红军退出长沙后为军阀何健所杀）。
柳∶柳直荀，毛泽东之友。一九三三年在湖北洪湖战役中牺牲。
吴刚∶《酋阳杂俎》∶汉朝西河人吴刚，学仙犯错，被罚在月宫砍桂树。树高五百丈，
刚砍过的地方立刻长好，因此他一直在砍。
附∶郭沫若曾将此词译成新体诗∶
我丧失了杨，你丧失了柳，
杨柳的忠魂，向月夜高空飘飘走。
吴刚啊，你有什么来款待他们呢？
吴刚捧出了他的桂花酒。
寂寞的嫦娥展开长袖，
为了安慰忠魂，在万里长空翩翩起舞。
他们忽听到人间降龙伏虎的消息，
那激动的泪水啊， 刹时间化为一天大雨。
无怪乎毛泽东在１９５８年３月２０日说∶ "我反正不读新诗，除非给我一百块大洋。"
摘自《毛泽东诗词全集》 (刘济昆 编，香港昆仑制作公司 出版，
１９９０年)。
（华盛顿大学 林玮供稿
毛泽东《七律二首·送瘟神》
一九五八年七月一日
读六月三十日《人民日报》，余江县消灭了血丝虫。浮想联翩，夜不能寐。微风拂晓，
旭日临窗，遥望南天，欣然命笔。
绿水青山枉自多，华佗无奈小虫何！
千村薜荔人遗矢，万户萧疏鬼唱歌。
坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一天河。
牛郎欲问瘟神事，一样悲欢逐逝波。
其二
春风杨柳万千条，六亿神州尽舜尧。
红雨随心翻作浪，青山着意化为桥。
天连五岭银锄落，地动三河铁臂摇。
借问瘟君欲何往，纸船明烛照天烧。
余江县∶在江西。
枉自多∶杜甫《征夫》∶“十室几人在，千山空自多。”
华佗∶三国时名医。
遗矢∶遗屎。《史记·廉颇列传》∶使者诳报道∶“廉将军虽老，尚善饭；然与臣坐，
倾之，三遗矢矣。”
鬼唱歌∶李贺《秋来》∶“秋坟鬼唱鲍家诗。”
尽舜尧∶《孟子·告天下》∶“人皆可以为舜尧。”
红雨∶桃花雨。李贺《将进酒》∶“桃花乱落如红雨”。
三河∶黄河、淮河、洛河。泛指河流。
毛泽东《七律·到韶山》
一九五九年六月
一九五九年六月二十五日到韶山。离别这个地方已有三十二年了。
别梦依稀咒逝川，故园三十二年前。
红旗卷起农奴戟，黑手高悬霸王鞭。
为有牺牲多壮志，敢教日月换新天。
喜看稻菽千重浪，遍地英雄下夕烟。
逝川∶指时间。《论语·子罕篇》∶“逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！”
菽∶豆类。
毛泽东《七律·登庐山》
一九五九年七月一日
一山飞峙大江边，跃上葱笼四百旋。
冷眼向阳看世界，热风吹雨洒江天。
云横九派浮黄鹤，浪下三吴起白烟。
陶令不知何处去，桃花源里可耕田。
四百旋∶庐山盘山公路三十五里，有近四百处转弯。
九派∶长江到浏阳（九江）分九条支流，称九派。
陶令∶陶渊明。曾作彭泽令八十八天。
桃花源∶陶渊明《桃花源诗并记》。
*mao-zedong.028
毛泽东《七绝·为女民兵题照》
一九六一年七月二日
飒爽英姿五尺枪，
曙光初照演兵场。
中华儿女多奇志，
不爱红装爱武装。
毛泽东《七律·答友人》
一九六一年
九嶷山上白云飞，帝子乘风下翠微。
斑竹一枝千滴泪，红霞万朵百重衣。
洞庭波涌连天雪，长岛人歌动地诗。
我欲因之梦寥廓，芙蓉国里尽朝晖。
九嶷山∶《史记·五帝本纪》∶舜践帝位三十九年，“南狩”巡崩于苍梧之野，
葬于江南九疑（即九嶷山）。
帝子∶指唐尧的两女娥皇与女英言。《楚辞·九歌》中有咏湘夫人之歌，
《湘夫人》首句∶“帝子降兮北渚。”
芙蓉国∶指湖南省。唐谭用之有“秋风万里芙蓉国”。
长岛∶桔子洲。
毛泽东 《七绝·为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》
一九六一年九月九日
暮色苍茫看劲松，乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，无限风光在险峰。
李进∶即江青。
毛泽东《七律·和郭沫若同志》
一九六一年十一月十七日
一从大地起风雷，便有精生白骨堆。
僧是愚氓犹可训，妖为鬼蜮必成灾。
金猴愤起千钧棒，玉宇澄清万里埃。
今日欢呼孙大圣，只缘妖雾又重来。
背景∶此诗作于中共与苏共分裂公开化之时。
鬼蜮∶妖怪变成人叫鬼蜮。
毛泽东《七律·冬云》
一九六二年十二月二十六日
雪压冬云白絮飞，万花纷谢一时稀。
高天滚滚寒流急，大地微微暖气吹。
独有英雄驱虎豹，更无豪杰怕熊罴。
梅花喜欢漫天雪，冻死苍蝇未足奇。
背景∶此诗作于中共公开指责苏共赫鲁晓夫为修正主义。当时苏联撤出古巴导弹
（受到中共的嘲笑）；对中国加紧逼债，撕毁了所有互助合同；蒋介石在沿海一
带也加紧反攻大陆的活动。
罴∶或称人熊，比熊大。
毛泽东《满江红·和郭沫若同志》
一九六三年一月九日
小小寰球，有几个苍蝇碰壁。
嗡嗡叫，几声凄厉，几声抽泣。
蚂蚁缘槐夸大国，蚍蜉撼树谈何易。
正西风落叶下长安，飞鸣镝。
多少事，从来急;天地转，光阴迫。
一万年太久，只争朝夕。
四海翻腾云水怒，五洲震荡风雷激。
要扫除一切害人虫，全无敌。
背景∶苏共在六二年二十二大以后，与中共矛盾加剧。在中印边境冲突时，军事上
支持印度。从这一年十一月起，苏共赫鲁晓夫指挥欧洲五个党围攻中共。中共发表
了著名的“九评”，与苏联公开决裂。一九六四年在中国爆炸第一颗原子弹时，赫
鲁晓夫也刚好下台。
蚂蚁缘槐夸大国∶唐李公佐《南柯太守传》∶有个叫淳于棼的人，一天喝醉梦见自
己在“大槐安国”当了驸马，做了南柯郡太守，醒来才知是梦。后来他在屋后发现
一个白蚂蚁穴，还建有王城，原来这就是“大槐安国”。
蚍蜉撼树谈何易∶唐韩愈《调张藉》∶“蚍蜉撼大树，可笑不自量。”
西风落叶下长安∶唐贾岛《忆上吴处士》∶“闽国扬帆去，蟾蜍亏复园。秋风生渭
水，落叶下长安。”
鸣镝∶响箭，汉匈奴的武器。古喻落叶如中箭败阵。
毛泽东《卜算子·咏梅》
一九六二年十二月
读陆游咏梅词，反其意而用之。
风雨送春归，
飞雪迎春到。
已是悬崖百丈冰，
犹有花枝俏。
俏也不争春，
只把春来报。
待到山花烂漫时，
她在丛中笑。
卜算子（词牌）∶骆宾王诗用数名，人称卜算子。山谷词“似扶著，卖卜算”，
取卖卜算命的意思。
陆游咏梅词∶陆游作词万余首，咏梅的有百首以上。毛泽东指的是下面一首∶
陆游《卜算子·咏梅》
驿外断桥边，
寂寞开无主。
已是黄昏独自愁，
更著风和雨。
无意苦争春，
一任群芳妒。
零落成泥辗作尘，
只有香如故。
毛泽东《虞美人》
1920年
堆来枕上愁何状,
江海翻波浪.
夜长天色总难明,
无奈披衣起坐薄寒中.
晓来百念皆灰烬,
倦极身无凭.
一勾残月向西流,
对此不抛眼泪也无由.
_______________________
摘自<<世界日报>>1992.2.8.
欣赏之余, 还望各位同仁指正与确认.
晓波
刘济昆编的<<毛泽东诗词全集>>注:
一九五七年五月十一日, 毛泽东给李淑一的回信中提到:"开慧所述那一首不好,
不要写了吧."指的就是这首<<虞美人>>.
林玮 (wlin@byron.u.washington.edu)
毛泽东《贺新郎》
一九二三年底
挥手从兹去。
更那堪凄然相间，苦情重诉。
眼角眉稍都似恨，热泪欲零还往。
知否会前书语。
过眼滔滔云共雾，算人间知己吾与汝。
人有病，天知否？
今朝霜重东门路，
照横塘半天残月，凄凄如汗。
汽笛一声肠已断，从此天涯孤旅。
凭割断愁思恨缕。
要似昆仑崩绝壁，
又恰像台风扫寰宇。
重比翼，和云翦。
毛 泽 东 诗 集 :---建国后
毛 泽 东 诗 集 ---建国后
浣溪沙·和柳亚子先生
1950年国庆观剧，柳亚子先生即席赋浣溪沙，因步其韵奉和。
长夜难明赤县天，
百年魔鬼怪舞翩跹，
人民五亿不团圆。
一唱雄鸡天下白，
万方乐奏有于阗，
诗人兴会更无前。
附：柳亚子原词
浣溪沙·和柳先生 1950年10月
颜斶齐王名命前，
多年矛盾廓无边，
而今一扫纪新元。
最喜诗人高唱至，
正和前线捷音联，
妙香山上战旗妍。
1950年11月
浪淘沙·北戴河
大雨落幽燕，
白浪滔天，
秦皇岛外打鱼船。
一片汪洋都不见，
知向谁边？
往事越千年，
魏武挥鞭，
东临碣石有遗篇。
萧瑟秋风今又是，
换了人间。
1954年夏
七律·和周世钊同志
春江浩荡暂徘徊，
又踏层峰望眼开。
风起绿洲吹浪去，
雨从青野上山来。
尊前谈笑人依旧，
域外鸡虫事可哀。
莫叹韶华容易逝，
卅年仍到赫曦台。
1955年
七绝·五云山
五云山上五云飞，
远接群峰近拂堤。
若问杭州何处好，
此中听得野莺啼。
1955年
水调歌头·游泳
才饮长沙水，
又食武昌鱼。
万里长江横渡，
极目楚天舒。
不管风吹浪打，
胜似闲庭信步，
今日得宽余。
子在川上曰：
逝者如斯夫！
风樯动，
龟蛇静，
起宠图。
一桥飞架南北，
天堑变通途。
更立西江石壁，
截断巫山云雨，
高峡出平湖。
神女应无恙，
当惊世界殊。
1956年6月
蝶恋花·答李淑一
我失骄杨君失柳，
杨柳轻飏直上重霄九。
问讯吴刚何所有，
吴刚捧出桂花酒。
寂寞嫦娥舒广袖，
万里长空且为忠魂舞。
忽报人间曾伏虎，
泪飞顿作倾盆雨。
1957年5月11日
七绝·观潮
千里波涛滚滚来，
雪花飞向钓鱼台。
人山纷赞阵容阔，
铁马从容杀敌回。
1957年9月
七律二首·送瘟神
读6月30日人民日报，余江县消灭了血吸虫。浮想联翩，夜不能寐。微风拂煦，旭日临窗。遥望南天，欣然命笔。
其一
绿水青山枉自多，
华佗无奈小虫何！
千村薜荔人遗矢，
万户萧疏鬼唱歌。
坐地日行八万里，
巡天遥看一千河。
牛郎欲问瘟神事，
一样悲欢逐逝波。
其二
春风杨柳万千条，
六亿神州尽舜尧。
红雨随心翻作浪，
青山着意化为桥。
天连五岭银锄落，
地动三河铁臂摇。
借问瘟君欲何往，
纸船明烛照天烧。
1958年7月1日
七 绝
人类而今上太空，
但悲不见五洲同。
愚公尽扫饕蚊日，
公祭毋忘告马翁。
1958年12月21日
七律·读报有感
反苏忆昔闹群蛙，
喜看今日大反华。
恶煞腐心兴鼓吹，
凶神张口吐烟霞。
神州岂止千里恶，
赤县原藏万种邪。
遍寻全球侵略者，
惟余此处一孤家。
1959年
七律·到韶山
1959年6月25日到韶山。离别这个地方已有32周年了。
别梦依稀咒逝川，
故园三十二年前。
红旗卷起农奴戟，
黑手高悬霸主鞭。
为有牺牲多壮志，
敢教日月换新天。
喜看稻菽千重浪，
遍地英雄下夕烟。
1959年6月
七律·登庐山
一山飞峙大江边，
跃上葱茏四百旋。
冷眼向洋看世界，
热风吹雨洒江天。
云横九派浮黄鹤，
浪下三吴起白烟。
陶令不知何处去，
桃花源里可耕田？
1959年7月1日
五 律
三上北高峰，
杭州一望空。
飞凤亭边树，
桃花岭上风。
热来寻扇子，
冷去对美人。
一片飘飘下，
欢迎有晚莺。
1959年11月
七 绝
翻身跃入七人房，
回首峰恋入莽苍。
四十八盘才走过，
风驰又已到钱塘。
1959年11月
七律·读报有感
托洛斯基返故居，
不战不和欲何如？
青云飘下能言鸟，
黑海翻起愤怒鱼。
爱丽舍宫唇发黑，
戴维营里面施朱。
新闻岁岁寻常出，
独有今年出得殊。
1960年6月13日
七律·答友人
九嶷山上白云飞，
帝子乘风下翠微。
斑竹一枝千滴泪，
红霞万朵百重衣。
洞庭波涌连天雪，
长岛人歌动地诗。
我欲因之梦寥廓，
芙蓉国里尽朝晖。
1961年
七绝·为女民兵题照
飒爽英姿五尺枪，
曙光初照演兵场。
中华儿女多奇志，
不爱红装爱武装。
1961年2月
七绝·为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照
暮色苍茫看劲松，
乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，
无限风光在险峰。
1961年9月9日
七律·和郭沫若同志
一从大地起风雷，
便有精生白骨堆。
僧是愚氓犹可训，
妖为鬼蜮必成灾。
金猴奋起千钧棒，
玉宇澄清万里埃。
今日欢呼孙大圣，
只缘妖雾又重来。
1961年11月17日
卜算子·咏梅
读陆游咏梅词，反其意而用之。
风雨送春归，
飞雪迎春到。
已是悬崖百丈冰，
犹有花枝俏。
俏也不争春，
只把春来报。
待到山花烂漫时，
她在丛中笑。
1961年12月
七律·冬云
雪压冬云白絮飞，
万花纷谢一时稀。
高天滚滚寒流急，
大地微微暖气吹。
独有英雄驱虎豹，
更无豪杰怕熊罴。
梅花欢喜漫天雪，
冻死苍蝇未足奇。
1962年12月26日
满江红·和郭沫若同志
小小寰球，
有几个苍蝇碰壁。
嗡嗡叫，
几声凄厉，
几声抽泣。
蚂蚁缘槐夸大国，
蚍蜉撼树谈何易。
正西风落叶下长安，
飞鸣镝。
多少事，
从来急；
天地转，
光阴迫。
一万年太久，
只争朝夕。
四海翻腾云水怒，
五洲震荡风雷激。
要扫除一切害人虫，
全无敌。
1963年1月9日
杂言诗·八连颂
好八连，天下传。
为什么？意志坚。
为人民，几十年。
拒腐蚀，永不沾。
因此叫，好八连。
解放军，要学习。
全军民，要自立。
不怕压，不怕迫。
不怕刀，不怕戟。
不怕鬼，不怕魅。
不怕帝，不怕贼。
奇儿女，如松柏。
上参天，傲霜雪。
纪律好，如坚壁。
军事好，如霹雳。
政治好，称第一。
思想好，能分析。
分析好，大有益。
益在哪？团结力。
军民团结如一人，
试看天下谁能敌。
1963年8月1日
七律·吊罗荣桓同志
记得当年草上飞，
红军队里每相违。
长征不是难堪日，
战锦方为大问题。
斥每闻欺大鸟，
昆鸡长笑老鹰非。
君今不幸离人世，
国有疑难可问谁？
1963年12月
贺新郎·读史
人猿相揖别。
只几个石头磨过，
小儿时节。
铜铁炉中翻火焰，
为问何时猜得？
不过几千寒热。
人世难逢开口笑，
上疆场彼此弯弓月。
流遍了
郊原血。
一篇读罢头飞雪，
但记得斑斑点点，
几行陈迹。
五帝三皇神圣事，
骗了无涯过客。
有多少风流人物？
盗跖庄流誉后，
更陈王奋起挥黄铖。
歌未竟，
东方白。
1964年春
念奴娇·井冈山
参天万木，
千百里，
飞上南天奇岳。
故地重来何所见，
多了楼台亭阁。
五井碑前，
黄洋界上，
车子飞如跃。
江山如画，
古代曾云海绿。
弹指三十八年，
人间变了，
似天渊翻覆。
犹记当时烽火里，
九死一生如昨。
独有豪情，
天际悬明月，
风雷磅礴。
一声鸡唱，
万怪烟消云落。
1965年5月
水调歌头·重上井冈山
久有凌云志，
重上井冈山。
千里来寻故地，
旧貌变新颜。
到处莺歌燕舞，
更有潺潺流水，
高路入云端。
过了黄洋界，
险处不须看。
风雷动，
旌旗奋，
是人寰。
三十八年过去，
弹指一挥间。
可上九天揽月，
可下五洋捉鳖，
谈笑凯歌还。
世上无难事，
只要肯登攀。
1965年5月
五律·西行
万里西行急，
乘风御太空。
不因鹏翼展，
哪得鸟途通。
海酿千钟酒，
山栽万仞葱。
风雷驱大地，
是处有亲朋。
1965年7月
念奴娇·鸟儿问答
鲲鹏展翅，
九万里，
翻动扶摇羊角。
背负青天朝下看，
都是人间城郭。
炮火连天，
弹痕遍地。
吓倒蓬间雀。
怎么得了，
哎呀我要飞跃。
借问君去何方？
雀儿答道：
有仙山琼阁。
不见前年秋月朗，
订了三家条约。
还有吃的，
土豆烧熟了，
再加牛肉。
不须放屁，
试看天地翻覆。
1965年秋
卜算子·悼国际共产主义战士艾地同志
疏枝立寒窗，
笑在百花前。
奈何笑容难为久，
春来反凋残。
残固不堪残，
何须自寻烦？
花落自有花开日，
蓄芳待来年。
1965年12月
七 绝
豫章西望彩云间，
九派长江九叠山。
高卧不须窥石镜，
秋风怒在叛徒颜。
1971年9月以后
七 绝
群山万壑赴荆门，
生长林彪尚有村。
一去紫台连朔漠，
独留青冢向黄昏。
1971年9月以后
四言诗·赠尼克松
老叟坐凳
嫦娥奔月
走马观花
1972年
五言韵语
郭老从柳退，
不及柳宗元。
名曰共产党，
崇拜孔二先。
1973年5月
五言韵语
大事不讨论，
小事天天送。
此调不改正，
势必出修正。
1973年7月
七 古
（君不见高阳酒徒起草中，
长揖山东隆准公。
入门不拜骋雄辩，
两女辍洗来趋风。
东下齐城七十二，
指挥楚汉如旋蓬。）
不料韩信不听话，
十万大军下历城。
齐王火冒三千丈，
抓了酒徒付鼎烹。
1973年7月
七律·读《封建论》，呈郭老
劝君少骂秦始皇，
焚坑事件要商量。
祖龙魂死业犹在，
孔学名高实秕糠。
百代多行秦政治，
十批不是好文章。
熟读唐人封建论，
莫从子厚返文王。
1973年8月
诉衷情
父母忠贞为国酬，
何曾怕断头？
如今天下红遍，
江山靠谁守？
业未就，
身躯倦，
鬓已秋；
你我之辈，
忍将夙愿，
付与东流？
1974年
七律·改鲁迅《亥年残秋偶作》
曾经秋肃临天下，
敢遣春温上笔端。
尘海苍茫沉百感，
金风萧瑟走千官。
喜攀飞翼通身暖，
若坠空云半截寒。
竦听荒鸡偏阒寂，
起看星斗正阑干。
毛 泽 东 诗 集 ---1936-1949
毛 泽 东 诗 集
---1936-1949
---1936-1949
| 沁园春·雪 1936年2月 江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
五 律 1939年7月 七律·忆重庆谈判 1942年秋 五言韵语 1945年10月 军队向前进， 七律·人民解放军占领南京1949年4月 注释
附：柳亚子原诗 开天辟地君真健，说项依刘我大难。
|
毛 泽 东 诗 集 ---1935年以前
毛 泽 东 诗 集
---1935年以前五 古
天井四四方，周围是高墙。
清清见卵石，小鱼囿中央。
只喝井里水，永远养不长。
七绝·咏蛙 1906年秋
独坐池塘如虎踞，绿杨树下养精神。
春来我不先开口，哪个虫儿敢作声？
七绝·改西乡隆盛诗赠父亲1909年
孩儿立志出乡关，学不成名誓不还。
埋骨何须桑梓地，人生无处不青山！
五言排律·（残篇） 1910年秋
晚霭峰间起（萧），归人江上行（萧）。
云流千里远（萧），人对一帆轻（毛）。
落日荒林暗（毛），寒钟古寺生（萧）。
深林归倦鸟（萧），高阁倚佳人（毛）。
（下佚）
四言诗 1914年
五月七日，民国奇耻。
何以报仇？在我学子！
五 古1915年
去去思君深，思君君不来。
愁杀芳年友，悲叹有余哀。
衡阳雁声彻，湘滨春溜回。
感物念所欢，踯躅城南隈。
城隈草萋萋，涔泪浸双题。
采采余孤景，日落衡云西。
方期沆瀁游，零落匪所思。
永诀从今始，午夜惊鸣鸡。
鸣鸡一声唱，汗漫东皋上。
冉冉望君来，握手珠眶涨。
关山蹇骥足，飞飙拂灵帐。
我怀郁如焚，放歌倚列嶂。
列嶂青且蒨，愿言试长剑。
东海有岛夷，北山尽仇怨。
荡涤谁氏子，安得辞浮贱。
子期竟早亡，牙琴从此绝。
琴绝最伤情，朱华春不荣。
后来有千里，谁与共平生。
望灵荐杯酒，惨淡看铭旌。
惆怅中何寄？江天水一泓。
五 律 1915年5月
共泛朱张渡，层冰涨橘汀。
鸟啼枫径寂，木落翠微冥。
攀险呼俦侣，盘空识健翎。
赫曦联韵在，千载德犹馨。
七古·（残句） 1916年冬
自信人生二百年， 会当水击三千里。
七 绝1917年
翻山渡水之名郡（毛），竹杖草履谒学尊（萧）。
途见白云如晶海（萧），沾衣晨露浸饿身（毛）。
五言诗·（残句） 1917年夏
云封狮固楼， 桥锁玉潭舟。
七古·送纵宇一郎东行约1916年－1917年间
云开衡岳积阴止，天马凤凰春树里。
年少峥嵘屈贾才，山川奇气曾钟此。
君行吾为发浩歌，鲲鹏击浪从兹始。
洞庭湘水涨连天，艟艨巨舰直东指。
无端散出一天愁，幸被东风吹万里。
丈夫何事足萦怀，要将宇宙看稊米。
沧海横流安足虑，世事纷纭从君理。
管却自家身与心，胸中日月常新美。
名世于今五百年，诸公碌碌皆余子。
平浪宫前友谊多，崇明对马衣带水。
东瀛濯剑有书还，我返自崖君去矣。
归国谣1918年春
今宵月，直把天涯都照彻，
清光不令青山失。
清溪却向青滩泄，
鸡声歇，马嘶人语长亭白。
五言诗·（残句）1919年
苍山辞祖国，弱水望邻封。
贺新郎 1919年3月
挥手从兹去。
更哪堪凄然相向，苦情重诉。
眼角眉梢都似恨，热泪欲零还住。
知误会前番书语。
过眼滔滔云共雾，算人间知己吾和汝。
人有病，天知否？
今朝霜重东门路，照横塘半天残月，
凄清如许。
汽笛一声肠已断，从此天涯孤旅。
凭割断愁丝恨缕。
要似昆仑崩绝壁，又恰像台风扫寰宇。
重比翼，和云翥。
祭文·祭母文 1923年
呜呼吾母，遽然而死。寿五十三，生有七子。
七子余三，即东民覃。其他不育，二女三男。
育吾兄弟，艰辛备历。摧折作磨，因此遘疾。
中间万万，皆伤心史。不忍卒书，待徐温吐。
今则欲言，只有两端。一则盛德，一则恨偏。
吾母高风，首推博爱。远近亲疏，一皆覆载。
恺恻慈祥，感动庶汇。爱力所及，原本真诚。
不作诳言，不存欺心。整饬成性，一丝不诡。
手泽所经，皆有条理。头脑精密，劈理分情。
事无遗算，物无遁形。洁净之风，传遍戚里。
不染一尘，身心表里。五德荦荦，乃其大端。
合其人格，如在上焉。恨偏所在，三纲之末。
有志未伸，有求不获。精神痛苦，以此为卓。
天乎人欤？倾地一角。次则儿辈，育之成行。
如果未熟，介在青黄。病时揽手，酸心结肠。
但呼儿辈，各务为良。又次所怀，好亲至爱。
或属素恩，或多劳瘁。大小亲疏，均待报赉。
总兹所述，盛德所辉。以秉悃忱，则效不违。
致于所恨，必补遗缺。念兹在兹，此心不越。
养育深恩，春晖朝霭。报之何时？精禽大海。
呜呼吾母，母终未死。躯壳虽隳，灵则万古。
有生一日，皆报恩时。有生一日，皆伴亲时。
今也言长，时则苦短。惟挈大端，置其粗浅。
此时家奠，尽此一觞。后有言陈，与日俱长。
尚飨！
虞美人 1919年10月8日
堆来枕上愁何状？
江海翻波浪。
夜长天色怎难明？
无奈披衣起坐薄寒中。
晓来百念皆灰烬，
倦极身无凭。
一钩残月向西流，
对此不抛眼泪也无由。
沁园春·长沙1920年
独立寒秋，湘江北去，橘子洲头。
看万山红遍，层林尽染；
漫江碧透， 百舸争流。
鹰击长空， 鱼翔浅底，
万类霜天竞自由。
怅寥廓，问苍茫大地，
谁主沉浮？
携来百侣曾游。
忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。
恰同学少年，风华正茂；
书生意气，挥斥方遒。
指点江山，激扬文字，
粪土当年万户侯。
曾记否，到中流击水，
浪遏飞舟？
西江月·秋收起义1925年
军叫工农革命，旗号镰刀斧头。
匡庐一带不停留，要向潇湘直进。
地主重重压迫，农民个个同仇。
秋收时节暮云愁，霹雳一声暴动。
菩萨蛮·黄鹤楼 1927年·
茫茫九派流中国，沉沉一线穿南北。
烟雨莽苍苍，龟蛇锁大江。
黄鹤知何去？
剩有游人处。
把酒酹滔滔，心潮逐浪高！
西江月·井冈山1927年春
山下旌旗在望，山头鼓角相闻。
敌军围困万千重，我自岿然不动。
早已森严壁垒，更加众志成城。
黄洋界上炮声隆，报道敌军宵遁。
四言韵语·红四军司令部布告 1928年秋
红军宗旨，民权革命。赣西一军，声威远震。
此番计划，分兵前进。官佐兵伕，服从命令。
平买平卖，事实为证。乱烧乱杀，在所必禁。
全国各地，压迫太甚。工人农人，十分苦痛。
土豪劣绅，横行乡镇。重息重租，人人怨愤。
白军士兵，饥寒交并。小资产者，税捐极重。
洋货越多，国货受困。帝国主义，哪个不恨？
军民匪党，完全反动。口是心非，不能过硬。
蒋桂冯阎，同床异梦。冲突已起，军阀倒运。
饭可充饥，药能医病。共党主张，极为公正。
地主田地，农民收种。债不要还，租不要送。
增加工钱，老板担任。八时工作，恰好相称。
国队待遇，亟须改订。发给田地，士兵有份。
敌方官兵，准其投顺。以前行为，可以不问。
累进税法，最为适用。苛税苛捐，扫除干净。
城市商人，积铢累寸。只要服从，余皆不论。
对待外人，必须严峻。工厂银行，没收归并。
外资外债，概不承认。外兵外舰，不准入境。
打倒列强，人人高兴。打倒军阀，除恶务尽。
统一中华，举国称庆。满蒙回藏，章程自定。
国民政府，一群恶棍。合力铲除，肃清乱政。
全国工农，风发雷奋。夺取政权，为期日近。
革命成功，尽在民众。布告四方，大家起劲。
军 长 朱 德
党代表 毛泽东
清平乐·蒋桂战争1929年1月
风云突变，
军阀重开战。
洒向人间都是怨，
一枕黄粱再现。
红旗跃过汀江，
直下龙岩上杭。
收拾金瓯一片，
分田分地真忙。
采桑子·重阳1929年秋
人生易老天难老，
岁岁重阳。
今又重阳，
战地黄花分外香。
一年一度秋风劲，
不似春光。
胜似春光，
寥廓江天万里霜。
如梦令·元旦 1929年10月
宁化、清流、归化，
路隘林深苔滑。
今日向何方，
直指武夷山下。
山下山下，
风展红旗如画。
减字木兰花·广昌路上1930年1月
漫天皆白，
雪里行军情更迫。
头上高山，
风卷红旗过大关。
此行何去？
赣江风雪迷漫处。
命令昨颁，
十万工农下吉安。
蝶恋花·从汀州向长沙1930年2月
六月天兵征腐恶，
万丈长缨要把鲲鹏缚。
赣水那边红一角，
偏师借重黄公略。
百万工农齐踊跃，
席卷江西直捣湘和鄂。
国际悲歌歌一曲，
狂飙为我从天落。
渔家傲·反第一次大“围剿”1930年7月
万木霜天红烂漫，
天兵怒气冲霄汉。
雾满龙冈千嶂暗，
齐声唤，
前头捉了张辉瓒。
二十万军重入赣，
风烟滚滚来天半。
唤起工农千百万，
同心干，
不周山下红旗乱。
渔家傲·反第二次大“围剿”1931年春
白云山头云欲立，
白云山下呼声急，
枯木朽株齐努力。
枪林逼，
飞将军自重霄入。
七百里驱十五日，
赣水苍茫闽山碧，
横扫千军如卷席。
有人泣，
为营步步嗟何及！
菩萨蛮·大柏地1931年夏
赤橙黄绿青蓝紫，
谁持彩练当空舞？
雨后复斜阳，
关山阵阵苍。
当年鏖战急，
弹洞前村壁。
装点此关山，
今朝更好看。
清平乐·会昌1933年夏
东方欲晓，
莫道君行早。
踏遍青山人未老，
风景这边独好。
会昌城外高峰，
颠连直接东溟。
战士指看南粤，
更加郁郁葱葱。
十六字令三首 其一 1934年夏
山， 快马加鞭未下鞍。
惊回首，
离天三尺三。
其二
山，倒海翻江卷巨澜。
奔腾急，
万马战犹酣。
其三
山，刺破青天锷未残。
天欲堕，
赖以拄其间。
忆秦娥·娄山关1934年—1935年
西风烈，
长空雁叫霜晨月。
霜晨月，
马蹄声碎，
喇叭声咽。
雄关漫道真如铁，
而今迈步从头越。
从头越，
苍山如海，
残阳如血。
七律·长征1935年2月
红军不怕远征难，万水千山只等闲。
五岭逶迤腾细浪，乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。
金沙水拍云崖暖，大渡桥横铁索寒。
更喜岷山千里雪，三军过后尽开颜。
念奴娇·昆仑 1935年10月
横空出世，
莽昆仑，
阅尽人间春色。
飞起玉龙三百万，
搅得周天寒彻。
夏日消溶，
江河横溢，
人或为鱼鳖。
千秋功罪，
谁人曾与评说？
而今我谓昆仑：不要这高，
不要这多雪。
安得倚天抽宝剑，
把汝裁为三截？
一截遗欧，
一截赠美，
一截还东国。
太平世界，
环球同此凉热。
清平乐·六盘山1935年10月
天高云淡，
望断南飞雁。
不到长城非好汉，
屈指行程二万。
六盘山上高峰，
红旗漫卷西风。
今日长缨在手，
何时缚住苍龙？
六言诗·给彭德怀同志 1935年10月
山高路远坑深，大军纵横驰奔。
谁敢横刀立马？惟我彭大将军！
四言诗 1935年10月
嘤其鸣矣，求其友声。
暴虎入门，懦夫奋臂。
毛澤東 詩三首
毛 澤 東
1. 沁園春
北國風光 千里冰封 萬里雪飄
望長城內外 惟餘莽莽 大河上下 頓失滔滔
山舞銀蛇 原驅(馳)蠟象 欲與天公試(共)比高
須晴日 看紅裝素裹 分外妖嬈
江山如此多嬌 引無數英雄競折腰
惜秦皇漢武 略輸文采 唐宗宋祖 稍遜(不近)風騷
一代天驕 成吉思汗 只解(識)彎弓射大鵰
俱往矣 數風流人物 還(且)看今朝.
2.《 七 律 ﹒ 人 民 解 放 軍 佔 領 南 京 》
一 九 四 九 年 四 月
鐘 山 風 雨 起 蒼 黃 ， 百 萬 雄 師 過 大 江 。
虎 踞 龍 盤 今 勝 昔 ， 天 翻 地 覆 慨 而 慷 。
宜 將 勝 勇 追 窮 寇 ， 不 可 沽 名 學 霸 王 。
天 若 有 情 天 亦 老 ， 人 間 正 道 是 滄 桑 。
鐘 山 ︰ 南 京 中 山 門 外 紫 金 山 。
虎 踞 龍 盤 ︰ 《 三 國 志 》 諸 葛 亮 與 孫 權
論 金 陵 說 ， “ 鐘 阜 龍 蟠 (pan2)， 石 城 虎 踞 。 ”
慨 而 慷 ︰ 曹 操 《 短 歌 行 》 ︰ “ 慨 當 以
慷 ， 憂 思 難 忘 。 ”
追 窮 寇 ︰ 《 孫 子 兵 法 ﹒ 軍 爭 篇 》 ︰ “
窮 寇 勿 追 。 ”
天 若 有 情 天 亦 老 ︰ 李 賀 《 金 銅 仙 人 辭
漢 歌 》 ︰ “ 衰 蘭 送 客 咸 陽 道 ， 天 若 有
情 天 亦 老 。 ”
3.《 七 律 ﹒ 和 柳 亞 子 先 生 》
一 九 四 九 年 四 月 二 十 九 日
飲 茶 粵 海 未 能 忘 ， 索 句 渝 州 葉 正 黃 。
三 十 一 年 還 舊 國 ， 落 花 時 節 讀 華 章 。
牢 騷 太 盛 防 斷 腸 ， 風 物 長 宜 放 眼 量 。
莫 道 昆 明 池 水 淺 ， 觀 魚 勝 過 富 春 江 。
柳 亞 子 ︰ 名 棄 疾 ， 字 安 如 ， 號 亞 子 。
第 一 次 與 毛 澤 東 交 往 於 一 九 二 五 年 至
二 六 年 。
飲 茶 粵 海 未 能 忘 ︰ 柳 亞 子 一 九 四 一 年
詩 寄 毛 澤 東 ︰ “ 雲 天 倘 許 同 憂 國 ， 粵
海 難 忘 共 品 茶 。 ”
索 句 渝 州 葉 正 黃 ︰ 指 致 柳 亞 子 的 詩 《
沁 園 春 ﹒ 雪 》 。 渝 州 ︰ 重 慶 。
牢 騷 太 盛 防 斷 腸 ︰ 一 九 四 九 年 三 月 二
十 八 夜 柳 亞 子 作 《 感 事 呈 毛 主 席 一 首
》 （ “ 華 章 ” ） ︰ “ 開 天 辟 地 君 真 健
， 說 項 依 劉 我 大 雄 。 奪 席 談 經 非 五 鹿
， 無 車 彈 鋏 怨 馮 灌 。 頭 顱 早 悔 平 生 賤
， 肝 膽 寧 存 一 寸 丹 ！ 安 得 南 征 馳 捷 報
， 分 湖 便 是 子 陵 灘 。 ” 分 湖 為 柳 亞 子
家 鄉 。 意 為 他 要 回 家 隱 居 。 毛 澤 東 和
的 是 另 一 首 詩 。
昆 明 ︰ 指 北 京 頤 和 園 昆 明 湖 。 昆 明 湖
取 名 於 漢 武
1. 沁園春
北國風光 千里冰封 萬里雪飄
望長城內外 惟餘莽莽 大河上下 頓失滔滔
山舞銀蛇 原驅(馳)蠟象 欲與天公試(共)比高
須晴日 看紅裝素裹 分外妖嬈
江山如此多嬌 引無數英雄競折腰
惜秦皇漢武 略輸文采 唐宗宋祖 稍遜(不近)風騷
一代天驕 成吉思汗 只解(識)彎弓射大鵰
俱往矣 數風流人物 還(且)看今朝.
2.《 七 律 ﹒ 人 民 解 放 軍 佔 領 南 京 》
一 九 四 九 年 四 月
鐘 山 風 雨 起 蒼 黃 ， 百 萬 雄 師 過 大 江 。
虎 踞 龍 盤 今 勝 昔 ， 天 翻 地 覆 慨 而 慷 。
宜 將 勝 勇 追 窮 寇 ， 不 可 沽 名 學 霸 王 。
天 若 有 情 天 亦 老 ， 人 間 正 道 是 滄 桑 。
鐘 山 ︰ 南 京 中 山 門 外 紫 金 山 。
虎 踞 龍 盤 ︰ 《 三 國 志 》 諸 葛 亮 與 孫 權
論 金 陵 說 ， “ 鐘 阜 龍 蟠 (pan2)， 石 城 虎 踞 。 ”
慨 而 慷 ︰ 曹 操 《 短 歌 行 》 ︰ “ 慨 當 以
慷 ， 憂 思 難 忘 。 ”
追 窮 寇 ︰ 《 孫 子 兵 法 ﹒ 軍 爭 篇 》 ︰ “
窮 寇 勿 追 。 ”
天 若 有 情 天 亦 老 ︰ 李 賀 《 金 銅 仙 人 辭
漢 歌 》 ︰ “ 衰 蘭 送 客 咸 陽 道 ， 天 若 有
情 天 亦 老 。 ”
3.《 七 律 ﹒ 和 柳 亞 子 先 生 》
一 九 四 九 年 四 月 二 十 九 日
飲 茶 粵 海 未 能 忘 ， 索 句 渝 州 葉 正 黃 。
三 十 一 年 還 舊 國 ， 落 花 時 節 讀 華 章 。
牢 騷 太 盛 防 斷 腸 ， 風 物 長 宜 放 眼 量 。
莫 道 昆 明 池 水 淺 ， 觀 魚 勝 過 富 春 江 。
柳 亞 子 ︰ 名 棄 疾 ， 字 安 如 ， 號 亞 子 。
第 一 次 與 毛 澤 東 交 往 於 一 九 二 五 年 至
二 六 年 。
飲 茶 粵 海 未 能 忘 ︰ 柳 亞 子 一 九 四 一 年
詩 寄 毛 澤 東 ︰ “ 雲 天 倘 許 同 憂 國 ， 粵
海 難 忘 共 品 茶 。 ”
索 句 渝 州 葉 正 黃 ︰ 指 致 柳 亞 子 的 詩 《
沁 園 春 ﹒ 雪 》 。 渝 州 ︰ 重 慶 。
牢 騷 太 盛 防 斷 腸 ︰ 一 九 四 九 年 三 月 二
十 八 夜 柳 亞 子 作 《 感 事 呈 毛 主 席 一 首
》 （ “ 華 章 ” ） ︰ “ 開 天 辟 地 君 真 健
， 說 項 依 劉 我 大 雄 。 奪 席 談 經 非 五 鹿
， 無 車 彈 鋏 怨 馮 灌 。 頭 顱 早 悔 平 生 賤
， 肝 膽 寧 存 一 寸 丹 ！ 安 得 南 征 馳 捷 報
， 分 湖 便 是 子 陵 灘 。 ” 分 湖 為 柳 亞 子
家 鄉 。 意 為 他 要 回 家 隱 居 。 毛 澤 東 和
的 是 另 一 首 詩 。
昆 明 ︰ 指 北 京 頤 和 園 昆 明 湖 。 昆 明 湖
取 名 於 漢 武
为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照
七绝•《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》
一九六一年九月九日
暮色苍茫看劲松，
乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，
无限风光在险峰。
这首诗最早发表在人民文学出版社一九六三年十二月版《毛主席诗词》。
仙人洞，在庐山佛手岩下，牯岭之西，高约两丈，深广各三四丈，传为唐朝仙人吕洞宾所居，故名。李进即江青。
[题释]1959年夏，李进（即江青）在一天黄昏，在仙人洞右侧“仙路”转弯处拍摄了一张暮色中锦绣峰上的御碑亭照片。照片的右上角有一苍劲的松枝 相衬，呈现出一种特定的环境、背景和气息。1961年毛泽东在这幅照片的背面题写了这首诗。这幅照片后发表在1964年4月11日的《人民日报》上。
[说明]1961年，时值我国“三年困难时期”，作为国家主要领导人的毛泽东，彼时彼地，不能排除某些忧愤和苍凉悲壮的心绪。这年的9月9日，在“ 芦林一号”，他在李进所摄的“庐山仙人洞”照片背后写了这首七绝，借李进所摄的仙人洞照片，抒发自己的胸臆。原稿题目为“李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞晚照 ”，下题“赠李进”。这首诗最早发表于人民文学出版社1963年12月版《毛主席诗词》中。
此诗为毛泽东于一九六一年所作，虽然所描写的场面较小，但却体现出了伟人从容不迫的心态。六十年代我国面临着极为严峻的国内外形势，错综复杂的内外 矛盾交迫，使国内局势出现恶化，国家困难重重，这是考验国人的关键时期，而作为国家领袖的毛泽东依旧表现出在大革命最艰难时的宏伟气魄，泰然处之，以积极 主动的心态迎挑战而上。伟人以高超的写作技巧将风云变幻的国际形势浓缩于此七绝之中，从中可以领略到作者“任凭风浪起，稳坐钓鱼台”的悠闲自得的超然风 度。
松树一向就是被国人视作坚强不屈、不怕压迫、敢于反抗、敢于斗争的精神象征，在暮色余辉中，更能激起人们对它的敬佩。即使是乱云飞渡而来，它仍 然从从容容，若无其事，显示了“劲松”不怕被包围的坚强风格。作者将当时的形势比作“暮色”，“劲松”比作自己以及敢于坚持真理、不惧外来压力的中国共产 党人和伟大的中国，涵盖深远，蕴魅无穷，给人以无限的想像空间，甚至于激起读者汹涌澎湃之激情、临危不惧之遐想。
“苍茫”为“无边无际、模糊不清”之意，“暮色苍茫”表当时的国际形势变幻莫测，但“劲松”依然刚劲挺拔，从容不迫。当时毛泽东面临具大压力， 国内由于天灾人祸带来的空前经济困难，使他受到来自各方面的指责。在国际环境中，美国第七舰队不断在台湾海峡游弋，核潜艇经常出没于日本冲绳海域，严重威 胁着我国安全，而苏联方面又因意识形态领域的分歧而背信弃义地扩大对我的经济制裁，使得我国的发展难上加难，雪上加霜。如何这对待一复杂局势？这的确是个 极大的考验，决不亚于情势严峻的大革命时期。
一个人精神上究竟能承载多大的极限负荷呢？又该怎么承受来自各方压力呢？而毛泽东仍然镇定“从容”，似乎是渴望地等待那激烈场面的到来，甚至很感兴趣地主动迎击而上，好“其乐无穷”地与之奋斗，一如既往地发挥他的斗争哲学，“梅花喜欢漫天雪”正合此意。
“天生一个仙人洞”亦实亦虚，虚实结合，从写意中取寓。“无限风光在险峰”可以说是对诗人一生的人生哲学的概写，在“暮色苍茫”的环境中，他独 能登临“险峰”，看“劲松”，观“乱云”，寄托着深遂而丰富的哲理的思考。将所描写之实物注入自己的意志，使人领会奇异于平淡之中。正如马克思所说：“在 科学上面是没有平坦的大路可走的，只有在那崎岖小路的攀登上不畏劳苦的人，有希望达到光辉的顶点。”（《“资本论”法文本的序和跋》）使我们不难联想到在 帝国主义反华的重压下，中国共产党人纵观五洲风云的“从容”人英姿和伟大气魄。
诗人能将复杂的社会局面同自己的意志寄寓于短短的28个字，足见其卓越的文学造诣。“劲松”、“乱云”、“从容”都具有特殊的象征意义，“神用 相通，情变所孕；物以貌求，心以理应”（刘勰语），此诗典型的艺术风格构造出不凡的意境，可以让人思维在此意境中任意驰骋，给人以刚键奇特之美，“吟咏之 间，吐纳珠玉之声；眉睫之前，卷舒风云之色。”（《文心雕龙•神思》）
另，至于文学界对是“劲松”“从容”还是“乱云”“从容”之争，其实大无必要，诗人既以“劲松”自比，“乱云”意为国内外形势，很明显“从容” 固理当为“劲松”之“从容”，就是显而易见的，有人说是“乱云”“从容”于情于景皆不妥，胡乔木先生之观点仅为“个人的一点看法”，可作参考。但对于这样 一首有严谨组合的诗来说，应当谨慎对之，深刻理会诗人之意，当为“劲松”于“乱云”之中“从容”。
就是诗人有“从容”之心态，才有“无限风光在险峰”，也不难想像，当时全国人民在黑暗中摸索，在崎岖小路上攀登，在艰难险阻中寻求治国自强的真 理，并表现出浩浩傲然之骨气，正是有这样的领导集团，才得以顶住了强大的外来压力，战胜了来自国外的挑战，使国内经济建设事业得以在困难中继续向前推 进，“不畏劳苦的人”正在“劳苦”中苦苦寻觅。
毛泽东正是有着这超然的气魄和智慧，才能将前苏联与美国两个超级大国玩弄于手掌之间，巧妙利用通过博弈所赢得的空间化解了许多危机和国内纷争，为新生的共和国赢得了自信。
written by Mao Zedong.
as the title by Lee Jin Comrade Zhao perturbation Lushan Fairy Cave”
September 9, 1961
At twilight looking at the srtong pine,
chaoic clouds flying over but still calm.
Naturally created a Fairy Cave,
Unlimited awesome scenery in the steep hills.
Amid the growing shades of dusk stand sturdy pines,
Riotous clouds sweep past, swift and tranquil.
Nature has excelled herself in the Fairy Cave,
On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety.
This poem first published in the People’s Literature Publishing House in December 1963 edition of “Poems of Chairman Mao.” Fairy Cave
, under rocks in the Lushan bergamot, Kuling the West, about两丈, 34 Zhangting the deep pass to the Tang Dynasty by Lu Dongbin Habitat immortal, named. That is, Jiang Qing, Li Jin.
[title release] the summer of 1959, Li Jin (that is, Jiang Qing) the evening of the day, right in the Fairy Cave “Sally Road,” turn a dusk shot of the beautiful peaks of the Royal碑亭photos. Photos of a vigorous upper-right corner of the pine phase contrast, showing a particular type of environment, the background and atmosphere. In 1961, Mao Zedong wrote the name on the reverse side of this picture of this poem. After this picture was published in April 11, 1964 the “People’s Daily” on.
[note] In 1961, the value of China’s “difficult period of three years”, as state leaders Mao Zedong, he彼时and can not be ruled out, and some worried and indignant mind the tragic desolation. This year on September 9, in the “One芦林,” he taken in by Li Jin of the “Fairy Cave Lushan” photos behind the first七绝written by Li Jin of the Fairy Cave photo by photo, to express their own胸臆. Manuscript entitled “Comrade Li Jin Lushan title taken by night according to Fairy Cave”, under the title “Li Jin gifts.” This poem first published in the People’s Literature Publishing House in December 1963 edition of “Poems of Chairman Mao” in.
此诗by Mao Zedong in 1961, although the description of the smaller scenes, but it reflects the mentality of a great calm. Sixty years on behalf of our country is faced with very tough situation at home and abroad, both inside and outside the complex contradictions forced to pay, so that the deterioration of the situation in the country difficult, this is a crucial period for the test of the people, and as a national leader Mao Zedong is still the performance of the most difficult in the Revolution When the grand breadth of stride in order to pro-active attitude on the Face Challenges. Man with superb writing skills to the ever-changing international situation七绝of this enrichment, which can be realized that the author “rough despite tight Diaoyutai” in the leisure brought by the aloof demeanor. Pine
has always been regarded as strong and indomitable people, not afraid of oppression, the courage to resist courage to fight against the spirit of the symbol, in the afterglow of dusk, but also aroused admiration in it. Even from飞渡chaos cloud, it is still leisurely, as if nothing had happened, showing the “song” is not afraid of being surrounded by a strong style. The author of the situation at that time to a “twilight”, “Jinsong” than for themselves and the courage to uphold truth, and fear of external pressure on the Chinese communists and the great Chinese, covering the far-reaching, Yun endless magic, gives unlimited imagination , and even provoked a strong surge of passionate readers, the reverie临危不惧.
“World” as a “vast, vague” means “twilight” table of the international situation was unpredictable, but the “song” is still tall and straight bold, calm. Mao Zedong was facing a great pressure on domestic natural disasters as a result of the unprecedented economic difficulties, so that he had been subjected to criticism from all sides. In the international environment, the U.S. Seventh Fleet in the Taiwan Strait around constantly, nuclear frequented the waters of Okinawa in Japan, a serious threat to the security of our country, and the Soviet Union because of ideological differences between the field and bad faith for me to expand economic sanctions, making China’s development even more difficult, even worse. How to deal with a complex situation in this? This is a great challenge, no less than absolutely critical situation during the Great Revolution.
whether a person is mentally able to carry the load limit of how much it? From how the parties should bear the pressure? And Mao Zedong is still calm, “calm”, seems to be eagerly awaiting the arrival of the intense scenes, and even very interested and engaged in the initiative, the good “fun” to struggle with, as always, the struggle to exercise his philosophy, “Plum Blossom all over the sky like snow “are combined for this purpose.
“born of a Fairy Cave” is in fact true, combined with actual situation, from freehand put in check. “Infinite in the awesome scenery” can be said of the poet’s life to write an overview of the philosophy of life, in the “twilight” of the environment, he was able to board independence, “awesome” to see “Jinsong”, concept of “chaos cloud”, placed a深遂and rich philosophical thinking. Description of the kind will be injected by the will of its own, is singular in the plain of understanding. As Marx said: “In science there is no level above the road to take, and only in climbing rugged paths of the people who are not afraid of the working class, there is hope to reach the culmination of a brilliant 。”(”" Das Kapital,” the French version of the sequence and travel “) so that we can easily think of the weight of anti-imperialism, the Chinese communists Fengyun Throughout China’s” calm “person Yingzi and great boldness of vision. poet can
complex social situation寄寓with their will in a short span of 28 characters, showing its excellent literary attainments. “Jinsong”, “chaos cloud”, “calm” has a special symbolic meaning, “God with heart, and the situation changed by pregnancy; objects to Maung demand should be in the heart” (Liu Xie’s words), a typical artistic style此诗Construction of extraordinary mood, you can be thinking in this mood of any racing, just key peculiar to people of the United States, “between the chant, to cater to the Voice of Zhu Yu; imminent before the clouds roll Shu color.” ( “The Heart雕龙神思”)
another, as literature was a” Jinsong “” calm “or” chaos cloud “” calm “on the other are actually not necessary, the poet is to” Jinsong “Since than,” arbitrary Cloud “means the situation at home and abroad, it is clear that” calm “which should be solid as a” song “and” calm “is obvious, it was said to be” chaos cloud “” calm “in the situation in the King are wrong, Mr. Hu Qiaomu The only point of view “that the views of the individual”, for reference. But for this there is a rigorous combination of poetry, it should be cautious of, the profound meaning regardless of the poet, as a “song” in the “chaos cloud” of “calm.”
is the poet of “calm” the mentality to be “in the awesome scenery unlimited”, it is not hard to imagine, when people across the country in the dark, climbing in the rugged path, in the difficulties and obstacles in the search for the truth of self-rule and proudly show the mighty backbone, is the leadership of this group was able to withstand a strong pressure from outside, and beat the challenge from abroad, so that the cause of building the domestic economy to continue to move forward during difficult times, “do not fear of the laboring people “are” working class “in hard to find. Mao Zedong is
have this independent spirit and wisdom, in order to the former Soviet Union and the United States to play the two superpowers in the palm of your hand between the game through the clever use of space to resolve to win a lot of crisis and civil strife, in order to win the new-born Republic self-confidence.
一九六一年九月九日
暮色苍茫看劲松，
乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，
无限风光在险峰。
这首诗最早发表在人民文学出版社一九六三年十二月版《毛主席诗词》。
仙人洞，在庐山佛手岩下，牯岭之西，高约两丈，深广各三四丈，传为唐朝仙人吕洞宾所居，故名。李进即江青。
[题释]1959年夏，李进（即江青）在一天黄昏，在仙人洞右侧“仙路”转弯处拍摄了一张暮色中锦绣峰上的御碑亭照片。照片的右上角有一苍劲的松枝 相衬，呈现出一种特定的环境、背景和气息。1961年毛泽东在这幅照片的背面题写了这首诗。这幅照片后发表在1964年4月11日的《人民日报》上。
[说明]1961年，时值我国“三年困难时期”，作为国家主要领导人的毛泽东，彼时彼地，不能排除某些忧愤和苍凉悲壮的心绪。这年的9月9日，在“ 芦林一号”，他在李进所摄的“庐山仙人洞”照片背后写了这首七绝，借李进所摄的仙人洞照片，抒发自己的胸臆。原稿题目为“李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞晚照 ”，下题“赠李进”。这首诗最早发表于人民文学出版社1963年12月版《毛主席诗词》中。
此诗为毛泽东于一九六一年所作，虽然所描写的场面较小，但却体现出了伟人从容不迫的心态。六十年代我国面临着极为严峻的国内外形势，错综复杂的内外 矛盾交迫，使国内局势出现恶化，国家困难重重，这是考验国人的关键时期，而作为国家领袖的毛泽东依旧表现出在大革命最艰难时的宏伟气魄，泰然处之，以积极 主动的心态迎挑战而上。伟人以高超的写作技巧将风云变幻的国际形势浓缩于此七绝之中，从中可以领略到作者“任凭风浪起，稳坐钓鱼台”的悠闲自得的超然风 度。
松树一向就是被国人视作坚强不屈、不怕压迫、敢于反抗、敢于斗争的精神象征，在暮色余辉中，更能激起人们对它的敬佩。即使是乱云飞渡而来，它仍 然从从容容，若无其事，显示了“劲松”不怕被包围的坚强风格。作者将当时的形势比作“暮色”，“劲松”比作自己以及敢于坚持真理、不惧外来压力的中国共产 党人和伟大的中国，涵盖深远，蕴魅无穷，给人以无限的想像空间，甚至于激起读者汹涌澎湃之激情、临危不惧之遐想。
“苍茫”为“无边无际、模糊不清”之意，“暮色苍茫”表当时的国际形势变幻莫测，但“劲松”依然刚劲挺拔，从容不迫。当时毛泽东面临具大压力， 国内由于天灾人祸带来的空前经济困难，使他受到来自各方面的指责。在国际环境中，美国第七舰队不断在台湾海峡游弋，核潜艇经常出没于日本冲绳海域，严重威 胁着我国安全，而苏联方面又因意识形态领域的分歧而背信弃义地扩大对我的经济制裁，使得我国的发展难上加难，雪上加霜。如何这对待一复杂局势？这的确是个 极大的考验，决不亚于情势严峻的大革命时期。
一个人精神上究竟能承载多大的极限负荷呢？又该怎么承受来自各方压力呢？而毛泽东仍然镇定“从容”，似乎是渴望地等待那激烈场面的到来，甚至很感兴趣地主动迎击而上，好“其乐无穷”地与之奋斗，一如既往地发挥他的斗争哲学，“梅花喜欢漫天雪”正合此意。
“天生一个仙人洞”亦实亦虚，虚实结合，从写意中取寓。“无限风光在险峰”可以说是对诗人一生的人生哲学的概写，在“暮色苍茫”的环境中，他独 能登临“险峰”，看“劲松”，观“乱云”，寄托着深遂而丰富的哲理的思考。将所描写之实物注入自己的意志，使人领会奇异于平淡之中。正如马克思所说：“在 科学上面是没有平坦的大路可走的，只有在那崎岖小路的攀登上不畏劳苦的人，有希望达到光辉的顶点。”（《“资本论”法文本的序和跋》）使我们不难联想到在 帝国主义反华的重压下，中国共产党人纵观五洲风云的“从容”人英姿和伟大气魄。
诗人能将复杂的社会局面同自己的意志寄寓于短短的28个字，足见其卓越的文学造诣。“劲松”、“乱云”、“从容”都具有特殊的象征意义，“神用 相通，情变所孕；物以貌求，心以理应”（刘勰语），此诗典型的艺术风格构造出不凡的意境，可以让人思维在此意境中任意驰骋，给人以刚键奇特之美，“吟咏之 间，吐纳珠玉之声；眉睫之前，卷舒风云之色。”（《文心雕龙•神思》）
另，至于文学界对是“劲松”“从容”还是“乱云”“从容”之争，其实大无必要，诗人既以“劲松”自比，“乱云”意为国内外形势，很明显“从容” 固理当为“劲松”之“从容”，就是显而易见的，有人说是“乱云”“从容”于情于景皆不妥，胡乔木先生之观点仅为“个人的一点看法”，可作参考。但对于这样 一首有严谨组合的诗来说，应当谨慎对之，深刻理会诗人之意，当为“劲松”于“乱云”之中“从容”。
就是诗人有“从容”之心态，才有“无限风光在险峰”，也不难想像，当时全国人民在黑暗中摸索，在崎岖小路上攀登，在艰难险阻中寻求治国自强的真 理，并表现出浩浩傲然之骨气，正是有这样的领导集团，才得以顶住了强大的外来压力，战胜了来自国外的挑战，使国内经济建设事业得以在困难中继续向前推 进，“不畏劳苦的人”正在“劳苦”中苦苦寻觅。
毛泽东正是有着这超然的气魄和智慧，才能将前苏联与美国两个超级大国玩弄于手掌之间，巧妙利用通过博弈所赢得的空间化解了许多危机和国内纷争，为新生的共和国赢得了自信。
written by Mao Zedong.
as the title by Lee Jin Comrade Zhao perturbation Lushan Fairy Cave”
September 9, 1961
At twilight looking at the srtong pine,
chaoic clouds flying over but still calm.
Naturally created a Fairy Cave,
Unlimited awesome scenery in the steep hills.
Amid the growing shades of dusk stand sturdy pines,
Riotous clouds sweep past, swift and tranquil.
Nature has excelled herself in the Fairy Cave,
On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety.
This poem first published in the People’s Literature Publishing House in December 1963 edition of “Poems of Chairman Mao.” Fairy Cave
, under rocks in the Lushan bergamot, Kuling the West, about两丈, 34 Zhangting the deep pass to the Tang Dynasty by Lu Dongbin Habitat immortal, named. That is, Jiang Qing, Li Jin.
[title release] the summer of 1959, Li Jin (that is, Jiang Qing) the evening of the day, right in the Fairy Cave “Sally Road,” turn a dusk shot of the beautiful peaks of the Royal碑亭photos. Photos of a vigorous upper-right corner of the pine phase contrast, showing a particular type of environment, the background and atmosphere. In 1961, Mao Zedong wrote the name on the reverse side of this picture of this poem. After this picture was published in April 11, 1964 the “People’s Daily” on.
[note] In 1961, the value of China’s “difficult period of three years”, as state leaders Mao Zedong, he彼时and can not be ruled out, and some worried and indignant mind the tragic desolation. This year on September 9, in the “One芦林,” he taken in by Li Jin of the “Fairy Cave Lushan” photos behind the first七绝written by Li Jin of the Fairy Cave photo by photo, to express their own胸臆. Manuscript entitled “Comrade Li Jin Lushan title taken by night according to Fairy Cave”, under the title “Li Jin gifts.” This poem first published in the People’s Literature Publishing House in December 1963 edition of “Poems of Chairman Mao” in.
此诗by Mao Zedong in 1961, although the description of the smaller scenes, but it reflects the mentality of a great calm. Sixty years on behalf of our country is faced with very tough situation at home and abroad, both inside and outside the complex contradictions forced to pay, so that the deterioration of the situation in the country difficult, this is a crucial period for the test of the people, and as a national leader Mao Zedong is still the performance of the most difficult in the Revolution When the grand breadth of stride in order to pro-active attitude on the Face Challenges. Man with superb writing skills to the ever-changing international situation七绝of this enrichment, which can be realized that the author “rough despite tight Diaoyutai” in the leisure brought by the aloof demeanor. Pine
has always been regarded as strong and indomitable people, not afraid of oppression, the courage to resist courage to fight against the spirit of the symbol, in the afterglow of dusk, but also aroused admiration in it. Even from飞渡chaos cloud, it is still leisurely, as if nothing had happened, showing the “song” is not afraid of being surrounded by a strong style. The author of the situation at that time to a “twilight”, “Jinsong” than for themselves and the courage to uphold truth, and fear of external pressure on the Chinese communists and the great Chinese, covering the far-reaching, Yun endless magic, gives unlimited imagination , and even provoked a strong surge of passionate readers, the reverie临危不惧.
“World” as a “vast, vague” means “twilight” table of the international situation was unpredictable, but the “song” is still tall and straight bold, calm. Mao Zedong was facing a great pressure on domestic natural disasters as a result of the unprecedented economic difficulties, so that he had been subjected to criticism from all sides. In the international environment, the U.S. Seventh Fleet in the Taiwan Strait around constantly, nuclear frequented the waters of Okinawa in Japan, a serious threat to the security of our country, and the Soviet Union because of ideological differences between the field and bad faith for me to expand economic sanctions, making China’s development even more difficult, even worse. How to deal with a complex situation in this? This is a great challenge, no less than absolutely critical situation during the Great Revolution.
whether a person is mentally able to carry the load limit of how much it? From how the parties should bear the pressure? And Mao Zedong is still calm, “calm”, seems to be eagerly awaiting the arrival of the intense scenes, and even very interested and engaged in the initiative, the good “fun” to struggle with, as always, the struggle to exercise his philosophy, “Plum Blossom all over the sky like snow “are combined for this purpose.
“born of a Fairy Cave” is in fact true, combined with actual situation, from freehand put in check. “Infinite in the awesome scenery” can be said of the poet’s life to write an overview of the philosophy of life, in the “twilight” of the environment, he was able to board independence, “awesome” to see “Jinsong”, concept of “chaos cloud”, placed a深遂and rich philosophical thinking. Description of the kind will be injected by the will of its own, is singular in the plain of understanding. As Marx said: “In science there is no level above the road to take, and only in climbing rugged paths of the people who are not afraid of the working class, there is hope to reach the culmination of a brilliant 。”(”" Das Kapital,” the French version of the sequence and travel “) so that we can easily think of the weight of anti-imperialism, the Chinese communists Fengyun Throughout China’s” calm “person Yingzi and great boldness of vision. poet can
complex social situation寄寓with their will in a short span of 28 characters, showing its excellent literary attainments. “Jinsong”, “chaos cloud”, “calm” has a special symbolic meaning, “God with heart, and the situation changed by pregnancy; objects to Maung demand should be in the heart” (Liu Xie’s words), a typical artistic style此诗Construction of extraordinary mood, you can be thinking in this mood of any racing, just key peculiar to people of the United States, “between the chant, to cater to the Voice of Zhu Yu; imminent before the clouds roll Shu color.” ( “The Heart雕龙神思”)
another, as literature was a” Jinsong “” calm “or” chaos cloud “” calm “on the other are actually not necessary, the poet is to” Jinsong “Since than,” arbitrary Cloud “means the situation at home and abroad, it is clear that” calm “which should be solid as a” song “and” calm “is obvious, it was said to be” chaos cloud “” calm “in the situation in the King are wrong, Mr. Hu Qiaomu The only point of view “that the views of the individual”, for reference. But for this there is a rigorous combination of poetry, it should be cautious of, the profound meaning regardless of the poet, as a “song” in the “chaos cloud” of “calm.”
is the poet of “calm” the mentality to be “in the awesome scenery unlimited”, it is not hard to imagine, when people across the country in the dark, climbing in the rugged path, in the difficulties and obstacles in the search for the truth of self-rule and proudly show the mighty backbone, is the leadership of this group was able to withstand a strong pressure from outside, and beat the challenge from abroad, so that the cause of building the domestic economy to continue to move forward during difficult times, “do not fear of the laboring people “are” working class “in hard to find. Mao Zedong is
have this independent spirit and wisdom, in order to the former Soviet Union and the United States to play the two superpowers in the palm of your hand between the game through the clever use of space to resolve to win a lot of crisis and civil strife, in order to win the new-born Republic self-confidence.
Poems by Mao Zedong
Poems by Mao Zedong Poems 1-7 by Mao Zedong
Changsha (1925)
Alone I stand in the autumn cold On the tip of Orange Island,
The Xiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep-dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide under the shallow water;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this bondless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
I was here with a throng of companions,
Vivid yet those crowded months and years.
Young we were, schoolmates,
At life's full flowering;
Filled with student enthusiasm
Boldly we cast all restraints aside.
Pointing to our mountains and rivers,
Setting people afire with our words,
We counted the mighty no more than muck.
Remember still
How, venturing midstream, we struck the waters
And the waves stayed the speeding boats?
Yellow Crane Tower (1927)
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land, Dark, dark threads the line from south to north. Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither? Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors. I pledge my wine to the surging torrent, The tide of my heart swells with the waves.
Jinggang Mountain (1928)
Below the hills fly flags and banners, Above the hilltops sounds bugles and drums. The foe encircles us thousands strong, Steadfastly we stand our ground.
Already our defence is iron-clad, Now our will unite like a fortress. From Huangyanggai roars the thunder of cannon, Word comes the enemy has run away in the night.
The Warlords Clash (1929)
Sudden veer of wind and rain Showering misery through the land, The warlords are clashing anew -- Yet another Millet Dream.
Red banners leap over Ting River Straight to Longyan and Shanghang. We have reclaimed part of the Golden Vase And land is being shared out with a will.
The Double Ninth (1929.10)
Man ages all too easily, not Nature; Year by year the Double Ninth returns. On this Double Ninth, The yellow blooms on the battle field smell sweeter.
Each year the autumn wind blow fierce, Unlike string's splendour, Yet surpassing spring's splendour, See the endless expanse of frosty sky and water.
New Year's Day (1930.01)
Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua -- What narrow paths, deep woods and slippery moss! Whither are we bound today? Straight to the foot of Wuyi Mountain. To the mountain, the foot of the mountain, Red flags stream in the wind in a blaze of glory.
On the Guangchang Road (1930.02)
The whole wide world is white, Through the snow eagerly we press on. Crags loom above our heads, We cross the great pass, red flags waving in the wind.
Where are we bound? To the snow-swept River Gan. Yesterday the order was given, One hundred thousand workers and peasants march to Ji'an.
March from Tingzhou to Changsha (1930.07)
In June Heaven's armies chastise the corrupt and evil, Seeking to bind roc and whale with a league-long cord. Red glows the far side of the River Gan, Thanks to our wing under Huang Gonglyue.
A million workers and peasants rise up, Sweeping Jiangxi straight towards Hunan and Hubei. To the Internationale's stirring strains A wild whirlwind swoops from the sky.
Against the First "Encirclement" Campaign (1931)
Forests blaze red beneath the frosty sky, The wrath of Heaven's armies soars to the clouds. Mist veils Longgang, its thousands peaks blurred. All cry out in unison: Our van has taken Zhang Huizan!
The enemy returns to Jiangxi two hundred thousand strong, Fumes billowing in the wind in mid-sky. Workers and peasants are wakened in their millions To fight as one man, Under the riot of red flags round the foot of Buzhou Mountain!
Against the Second "Encirclement" Campaign (1931)
The very clouds foams atop White Cloud Mountain, At its base the roar of battle quicken. Withered trees and rotten stumps join in the fray. A forest of rifles presses, As the flying General descends from the skies.
In fifteen days we have marched seven hundred li Cross misty Gan waters and green Fujian hills, Rolling back the enemy as we would a mat. A voice is heard wailing; His "Bastion at every step" avail him nought!
Dabodi (1933)
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet -- Who is dancing, waving this coloured ribbon against the sky? The sun returns slanting after the rain And hill and pass grow a deeper blue.
A furious battle once raged here, The village walls, bullet-scarred, Now adorn hill and pass And make them doubly fair.
Huichang (1934)
Soon dawn will break in the east. Do not say "You start too early"; Crossing these blue hills adds nothing to one's years, The landscape here is beyond compare.
Straight from the walls of Huichang lofty peaks, Range after ranges, extend to the eastern sea. Our soldiers point southward to Guangdong Looming lusher and greener in the distance.
Loushan Pass (1935)
Fierce the west wind, Wild geese cry under the frosty morning moon. Under the frosty morning moon Horses' hooves clattering, Bugles sobbing low.
Idle boast the strong pass is a wall of iron, With firm strides we are crossing its summit. We are crossing its summit, The rolling hills sea-blue, The dying sun blood-red.
Three Short Poems (1934-35)
Mountains! I whip my swift horse, glued to my saddle. I turn my head startled, The sky is three foot above me!
Mountains! Like great wave surging in a crashing sea, Like a thousand stallions In full gallop in the heat of battle.
Mountains! Piercing the blue of heaven, your barbs unblunted! The skies would fall But for you strength supporting.
←Poems 8-14. Poems by Mao Zedong Poems 15-21 by Mao Zedong Poems 22-28.→
The Long March (1935)
The Red Army fears not the trials of the Long March, Holding light ten thousand crags and torrents. The Five Ridges wind like gentle ripples, And the majestic Wumeng roll by, globules of clay. Warm the steep cliffs lapped by the water of Jinsha, Cold the iron chains spanning the Dadu River. Min Mountain's thousand li of snow joyously crossed, The three Armies march on, each face glowing.
Kunlun (1935.10)
Far above the earth, into the blue You, wild Kunlun, have seen All that was fairest in the world of men. Your three million white jade dragons in flight Freeze the sky with piercing cold. In summer days your melting torrents Flood the streams and rivers, Turning men into fish and turtles. Who has passed judgement on the good and ill You have wrought there thousand autumn?
To Kunlun now I say, Neither all your height Nor all your snow is needed. Could I but draw my sword overtopping heaven, I'd cleave you in three: One piece for Europe, One for America, One to keep in the East. Now a world in peace, sharing together The same warmth and cold throughout the globe.
Mount Liupan (1935.10)
The sky is high, the clouds are pale, We watch the wild geese vanish southward. If we fail to reach the Great Wall we are not men, We who have already measured twenty thousand li.
High on the crest of Mount Liupan Red banners wave freely in the west wind. Today we hold the long cord in our hands, When shall we bind fast the Grey Dragon?
Snow (1936.02)
North country scene: A hundred leagues locked in ice, A thousand leagues of whirling snow. Both side of the Great Wall One single white immensity. The Yellow River's swift current Is stilled from end to end. The mountains dance silver snakes And the highland charge like wax-hued elephants. Vying with heaven in stature. On a fine day, the land, Clad in white, adorned in red, Crows more enchanting.
This land so rich in beauty Has made countless heroes bow in homage. But alas! Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi Were lacking in literary grace, And Tang Taizong and Song Taizu Had little poetry in their souls; That proud son of Heaven, Genghis Khan, Knew only shooting eagles, bow outstretched. All are past and gone! For truly great men Look to this age alone.
The PLA Captures Nanjing (1949.04)
Over Zhong Mountain swept a storm, headlong, Our mighty army, a million strong, has crossed the Great River. The city, a tiger crouching, a dragon curling, outshining its ancient glory; In heroic triumph heaven and earth have been overturned. With power and to spare we must pursue the tottering foe And not ape Xiang Yu the conqueror seeking idle fame. Were Nature sentient, she too would pass from youth to age, But man's world is mutable, seas become mulberry fields.
Reply to Mr. Liu Yazi (1950.10)
The night was long and dawn came slow to the Crimson Land. For a century demons and monsters whirled in a wild dance, And the five hundred million people were disunited.
Now the rooster has crowed and all under heaven is bright, Here is music from all our peoples, even from Yutian, And the poet is inspired as never before.
Beidaihe (1954)
A rainstorm sweeps down on the northern land, White breakers leap to the sky. No fishing boats off Qinhuangdao Are seen on the boundless ocean. Where are they gone?
Nearly two thousand years ago Wielding his whip, the Emperor Weiwu Rode eastward to Jieshi; his poem survives. Today the autumn wind still sighs, But the world has changed!
Poems by Mao Zedong Poems 22-28
Swimming (1956.06)
I have just drunk the waters of Changsha And come to eat the fish of Wuchang. Now I am swimming across the great Yangtze, Looking afar to the open sky of Chu. Let the wind blow and waves beat, Better far than idly strolling in courtyard. Today I am at ease. It was by a stream that the Master said -- "Thus do things flow away!"
Sails move with the wind. Tortoise and Snake are still. Great plans are afoot: A bridge will fly to span the north and south, Turning a deep chasm into a thoroughfare; Walls of stones will stand upstream to the west To hold back Wushan's clouds and rain Till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges. The mountain goddess if she is still there Will marvel at a world so changed.
Reply to Li Shuyi (1957.05.11)
I lost my proud Poplar and you your Willow, Poplar and Willow soar to the Ninth Heaven. Wu Gang, asked what he can give, Serves them a laurel brew.
The lonely moon goddess spreads her ample sleeves To dance for these loyal souls in infinite space. Earth suddenly reports the tiger subdued, Tears of joy pour forth falling as mighty rain.
Farewell to the Plague Spirit (1958.07.01)
So many green and blue hills, but to what avail? This tiny creature left Hua Tuo powerless! Hundreds of villages choked with weeds, men wasted away; Thousands of homes deserted, ghosts chanted mournfully. Motionless, by earth I travel eighty thousand li a day, Surveying the sky I see a myriad Milky Ways from afar. Should the Cowherd ask tidings of the Plague Spirit, Say the same griefs flow down the stream of time.
The spring wind blows amid profuse of willow wands, Six hundred million in this land all equal Yao and Shun. Crimson rain swirls in waves under our will, Green mountains turn to bridges at our wish. Gleaming mattocks fall on the Five Ridges heaven-high; Mighty arms move to rock the earth round the Three Rivers. May we ask Mr. Plague: "Where do you want to go?" Paper barges aflame and candle-light illuminate the sky.
Shaoshan Revisited (1959.06)
Like a dim dream recalled, I curse the long-fled past -- My native soil two and thirty years gone by. The red flag rouse the serf, halberd in hand, While the despot's black talons held his whip aloft. Bitter sacrifice strengthens bold resolve Which dares to make sun and moon shine in new skies. Happy, I see wave upon wave of paddy and beans, And all around heroes home-bound in the evening mist.
Ascent of Lu Mountain (1959.07.01)
Perching as after flight, the mountain towers over the Yangtze; I have overleapt four hundred twists to its green crest. Cold-eyed I survey the world beyond seas; A hot wind spatters raindrops on the sky-brooded waters. Clouds cluster over the nine streams, the yellow crane floating, And billows roll on to the eastern coast, white foam flying. Who knows whither Prefect Tao Yuanming is gone Now that he can till fields in the Land of Peach Blooming?
Militia Women (1961.02)
Inscription on a Photograph
How bright and brave they look, shouldering five-foot rifles On the parade ground lit up by the first gleams of day. China's daughters have high-aspiring minds, They love their battle array, not silks and satins.
Reply to a Friend (1961)
White clouds are sailing above the Mountain Jiuyi; Riding the wind, the Princesses descend the green hills. Once they speckled the bamboos with their profuse tears, Now they are robbed in rose-red clouds. Dongting Lake's snow-topped waves surge skyward; The long isle reverberates with earth-shaking song. And I am lost in dreams, untrammelled dreams, Of the land of hibiscus glowing in the morning sun.
Poems 29-35 by Mao Zedong
The Fairy Cave (1961.09.09)
Inscription on a Picture Taken by Comrade Li Jin
Amid the growing shades of dusk stand sturdy pines, Riotous clouds sweep past, swift and tranquil. Nature has excelled herself in the Fairy Cave, On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety.
Reply to Comrade Guo Moruo (1961.11.17)
A thunderstorm burst over the earth, So a devil rose from a heap of white bones. The deluded monk was not beyond the light, But the malignant demon must wreak havoc. The Golden Monkey wrathfully swung his massive cudgel, And the jade-like firmament was cleared of dust. Today, a miasmal mist once more rising, We hail Sun Wukong, the wonder-worker.
Ode to the Plum Blossom (1961.12)
Wind and rain escorted Spring's departure, Flying snow welcome Spring's return. On the ice-clad rock rising high and sheer A flower blossom sweet and fair.
Sweet and fair, she craves not Spring for herself alone, To be the harbinger of Spring she is content. When the mountain flowers are in full bloom She will smile mingling in their midst.
Winter Clouds (1962.12.16)
Winter clouds snow-laden, cotton fluff flying, None or few the unfallen flowers. Chill waves sweep through steep skies, Yet earth's gentle breath grows warm. Only heroes can quell tigers and leopards, And wild bears never daunt the brave. Plum blossoms welcome the whirling snow; Small wonder flies freeze and perish.
Reply to Comrade Guo Moruo (1963.01.09)
On this tiny globe A few flies dash themselves against the wall, Humming without cease, Sometimes shrilling, Sometimes moaning. Ants on the locust tree assume a great-nation swagger And mayflies lightly plot to topple the giant tree. The west wind scatters leaves over Chang'an, And the arrows are flying, twanging.
So many deeds cry out to be done, And always urgently; The world rolls on, Time presses. Ten thousand years are too long, Seize the day, seize the hour! The Four Seas are rising, clouds and water raging, The Five Continents are rocking, wind and thunder roaring. Our force is irresistible, Away with all pests!
Reascending Jinggang Mountain (1965.05)
I have long aspired to reach for the clouds And I again ascend Jinggang Mountain. Coming from afar to view our old haunt, I find new scenes replacing the old. Everywhere orioles sing, swallows dart, Streams babble And the road mount skyward. Once Huangyanggai is passed No other perilous place calls for a glance.
Wind and thunder are stirring, Flags and banners are flying Wherever men live. Thirty-eight years are fled With a mere snap of the fingers. We can clasp the moon in the Ninth Heaven And seize turtles deep down in the Five Seas: Nothing is hard in this world If you dare to scale the heights.
Two Birds: a Dialogue (1965)
The roc wings fanwise, Soaring ninety thousand li And rousing a raging cyclone. The blue sky on his back, he looks down To survey Man's world with its towns and cities. Gunfire licks the heavens, Shells pit the earth. A sparrow in his bush is scared stiff. "This is one hell of a mess! Oh I want to flit and fly away."
"Where, may I ask?" The sparrow relies, "To a jewelled palace in elfland's hills. Don't you see a triple pact was signed Under the bright autumn moon two years ago? There will be plenty to eat, Potatoes piping hot, beef-filled goulash." "Don't farce any more! Look, the world is being turned upside down."
Changsha (1925)
Alone I stand in the autumn cold On the tip of Orange Island,
The Xiang flowing northward;
I see a thousand hills crimsoned through
By their serried woods deep-dyed,
And a hundred barges vying
Over crystal blue waters.
Eagles cleave the air,
Fish glide under the shallow water;
Under freezing skies a million creatures contend in freedom.
Brooding over this immensity,
I ask, on this bondless land
Who rules over man's destiny?
I was here with a throng of companions,
Vivid yet those crowded months and years.
Young we were, schoolmates,
At life's full flowering;
Filled with student enthusiasm
Boldly we cast all restraints aside.
Pointing to our mountains and rivers,
Setting people afire with our words,
We counted the mighty no more than muck.
Remember still
How, venturing midstream, we struck the waters
And the waves stayed the speeding boats?
Yellow Crane Tower (1927)
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land, Dark, dark threads the line from south to north. Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither? Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors. I pledge my wine to the surging torrent, The tide of my heart swells with the waves.
Jinggang Mountain (1928)
Below the hills fly flags and banners, Above the hilltops sounds bugles and drums. The foe encircles us thousands strong, Steadfastly we stand our ground.
Already our defence is iron-clad, Now our will unite like a fortress. From Huangyanggai roars the thunder of cannon, Word comes the enemy has run away in the night.
The Warlords Clash (1929)
Sudden veer of wind and rain Showering misery through the land, The warlords are clashing anew -- Yet another Millet Dream.
Red banners leap over Ting River Straight to Longyan and Shanghang. We have reclaimed part of the Golden Vase And land is being shared out with a will.
The Double Ninth (1929.10)
Man ages all too easily, not Nature; Year by year the Double Ninth returns. On this Double Ninth, The yellow blooms on the battle field smell sweeter.
Each year the autumn wind blow fierce, Unlike string's splendour, Yet surpassing spring's splendour, See the endless expanse of frosty sky and water.
New Year's Day (1930.01)
Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua -- What narrow paths, deep woods and slippery moss! Whither are we bound today? Straight to the foot of Wuyi Mountain. To the mountain, the foot of the mountain, Red flags stream in the wind in a blaze of glory.
On the Guangchang Road (1930.02)
The whole wide world is white, Through the snow eagerly we press on. Crags loom above our heads, We cross the great pass, red flags waving in the wind.
Where are we bound? To the snow-swept River Gan. Yesterday the order was given, One hundred thousand workers and peasants march to Ji'an.
March from Tingzhou to Changsha (1930.07)
In June Heaven's armies chastise the corrupt and evil, Seeking to bind roc and whale with a league-long cord. Red glows the far side of the River Gan, Thanks to our wing under Huang Gonglyue.
A million workers and peasants rise up, Sweeping Jiangxi straight towards Hunan and Hubei. To the Internationale's stirring strains A wild whirlwind swoops from the sky.
Against the First "Encirclement" Campaign (1931)
Forests blaze red beneath the frosty sky, The wrath of Heaven's armies soars to the clouds. Mist veils Longgang, its thousands peaks blurred. All cry out in unison: Our van has taken Zhang Huizan!
The enemy returns to Jiangxi two hundred thousand strong, Fumes billowing in the wind in mid-sky. Workers and peasants are wakened in their millions To fight as one man, Under the riot of red flags round the foot of Buzhou Mountain!
Against the Second "Encirclement" Campaign (1931)
The very clouds foams atop White Cloud Mountain, At its base the roar of battle quicken. Withered trees and rotten stumps join in the fray. A forest of rifles presses, As the flying General descends from the skies.
In fifteen days we have marched seven hundred li Cross misty Gan waters and green Fujian hills, Rolling back the enemy as we would a mat. A voice is heard wailing; His "Bastion at every step" avail him nought!
Dabodi (1933)
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet -- Who is dancing, waving this coloured ribbon against the sky? The sun returns slanting after the rain And hill and pass grow a deeper blue.
A furious battle once raged here, The village walls, bullet-scarred, Now adorn hill and pass And make them doubly fair.
Huichang (1934)
Soon dawn will break in the east. Do not say "You start too early"; Crossing these blue hills adds nothing to one's years, The landscape here is beyond compare.
Straight from the walls of Huichang lofty peaks, Range after ranges, extend to the eastern sea. Our soldiers point southward to Guangdong Looming lusher and greener in the distance.
Loushan Pass (1935)
Fierce the west wind, Wild geese cry under the frosty morning moon. Under the frosty morning moon Horses' hooves clattering, Bugles sobbing low.
Idle boast the strong pass is a wall of iron, With firm strides we are crossing its summit. We are crossing its summit, The rolling hills sea-blue, The dying sun blood-red.
Three Short Poems (1934-35)
Mountains! I whip my swift horse, glued to my saddle. I turn my head startled, The sky is three foot above me!
Mountains! Like great wave surging in a crashing sea, Like a thousand stallions In full gallop in the heat of battle.
Mountains! Piercing the blue of heaven, your barbs unblunted! The skies would fall But for you strength supporting.
←Poems 8-14. Poems by Mao Zedong Poems 15-21 by Mao Zedong Poems 22-28.→
The Long March (1935)
The Red Army fears not the trials of the Long March, Holding light ten thousand crags and torrents. The Five Ridges wind like gentle ripples, And the majestic Wumeng roll by, globules of clay. Warm the steep cliffs lapped by the water of Jinsha, Cold the iron chains spanning the Dadu River. Min Mountain's thousand li of snow joyously crossed, The three Armies march on, each face glowing.
Kunlun (1935.10)
Far above the earth, into the blue You, wild Kunlun, have seen All that was fairest in the world of men. Your three million white jade dragons in flight Freeze the sky with piercing cold. In summer days your melting torrents Flood the streams and rivers, Turning men into fish and turtles. Who has passed judgement on the good and ill You have wrought there thousand autumn?
To Kunlun now I say, Neither all your height Nor all your snow is needed. Could I but draw my sword overtopping heaven, I'd cleave you in three: One piece for Europe, One for America, One to keep in the East. Now a world in peace, sharing together The same warmth and cold throughout the globe.
Mount Liupan (1935.10)
The sky is high, the clouds are pale, We watch the wild geese vanish southward. If we fail to reach the Great Wall we are not men, We who have already measured twenty thousand li.
High on the crest of Mount Liupan Red banners wave freely in the west wind. Today we hold the long cord in our hands, When shall we bind fast the Grey Dragon?
Snow (1936.02)
North country scene: A hundred leagues locked in ice, A thousand leagues of whirling snow. Both side of the Great Wall One single white immensity. The Yellow River's swift current Is stilled from end to end. The mountains dance silver snakes And the highland charge like wax-hued elephants. Vying with heaven in stature. On a fine day, the land, Clad in white, adorned in red, Crows more enchanting.
This land so rich in beauty Has made countless heroes bow in homage. But alas! Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi Were lacking in literary grace, And Tang Taizong and Song Taizu Had little poetry in their souls; That proud son of Heaven, Genghis Khan, Knew only shooting eagles, bow outstretched. All are past and gone! For truly great men Look to this age alone.
The PLA Captures Nanjing (1949.04)
Over Zhong Mountain swept a storm, headlong, Our mighty army, a million strong, has crossed the Great River. The city, a tiger crouching, a dragon curling, outshining its ancient glory; In heroic triumph heaven and earth have been overturned. With power and to spare we must pursue the tottering foe And not ape Xiang Yu the conqueror seeking idle fame. Were Nature sentient, she too would pass from youth to age, But man's world is mutable, seas become mulberry fields.
Reply to Mr. Liu Yazi (1950.10)
The night was long and dawn came slow to the Crimson Land. For a century demons and monsters whirled in a wild dance, And the five hundred million people were disunited.
Now the rooster has crowed and all under heaven is bright, Here is music from all our peoples, even from Yutian, And the poet is inspired as never before.
Beidaihe (1954)
A rainstorm sweeps down on the northern land, White breakers leap to the sky. No fishing boats off Qinhuangdao Are seen on the boundless ocean. Where are they gone?
Nearly two thousand years ago Wielding his whip, the Emperor Weiwu Rode eastward to Jieshi; his poem survives. Today the autumn wind still sighs, But the world has changed!
Poems by Mao Zedong Poems 22-28
Swimming (1956.06)
I have just drunk the waters of Changsha And come to eat the fish of Wuchang. Now I am swimming across the great Yangtze, Looking afar to the open sky of Chu. Let the wind blow and waves beat, Better far than idly strolling in courtyard. Today I am at ease. It was by a stream that the Master said -- "Thus do things flow away!"
Sails move with the wind. Tortoise and Snake are still. Great plans are afoot: A bridge will fly to span the north and south, Turning a deep chasm into a thoroughfare; Walls of stones will stand upstream to the west To hold back Wushan's clouds and rain Till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges. The mountain goddess if she is still there Will marvel at a world so changed.
Reply to Li Shuyi (1957.05.11)
I lost my proud Poplar and you your Willow, Poplar and Willow soar to the Ninth Heaven. Wu Gang, asked what he can give, Serves them a laurel brew.
The lonely moon goddess spreads her ample sleeves To dance for these loyal souls in infinite space. Earth suddenly reports the tiger subdued, Tears of joy pour forth falling as mighty rain.
Farewell to the Plague Spirit (1958.07.01)
So many green and blue hills, but to what avail? This tiny creature left Hua Tuo powerless! Hundreds of villages choked with weeds, men wasted away; Thousands of homes deserted, ghosts chanted mournfully. Motionless, by earth I travel eighty thousand li a day, Surveying the sky I see a myriad Milky Ways from afar. Should the Cowherd ask tidings of the Plague Spirit, Say the same griefs flow down the stream of time.
The spring wind blows amid profuse of willow wands, Six hundred million in this land all equal Yao and Shun. Crimson rain swirls in waves under our will, Green mountains turn to bridges at our wish. Gleaming mattocks fall on the Five Ridges heaven-high; Mighty arms move to rock the earth round the Three Rivers. May we ask Mr. Plague: "Where do you want to go?" Paper barges aflame and candle-light illuminate the sky.
Shaoshan Revisited (1959.06)
Like a dim dream recalled, I curse the long-fled past -- My native soil two and thirty years gone by. The red flag rouse the serf, halberd in hand, While the despot's black talons held his whip aloft. Bitter sacrifice strengthens bold resolve Which dares to make sun and moon shine in new skies. Happy, I see wave upon wave of paddy and beans, And all around heroes home-bound in the evening mist.
Ascent of Lu Mountain (1959.07.01)
Perching as after flight, the mountain towers over the Yangtze; I have overleapt four hundred twists to its green crest. Cold-eyed I survey the world beyond seas; A hot wind spatters raindrops on the sky-brooded waters. Clouds cluster over the nine streams, the yellow crane floating, And billows roll on to the eastern coast, white foam flying. Who knows whither Prefect Tao Yuanming is gone Now that he can till fields in the Land of Peach Blooming?
Militia Women (1961.02)
Inscription on a Photograph
How bright and brave they look, shouldering five-foot rifles On the parade ground lit up by the first gleams of day. China's daughters have high-aspiring minds, They love their battle array, not silks and satins.
Reply to a Friend (1961)
White clouds are sailing above the Mountain Jiuyi; Riding the wind, the Princesses descend the green hills. Once they speckled the bamboos with their profuse tears, Now they are robbed in rose-red clouds. Dongting Lake's snow-topped waves surge skyward; The long isle reverberates with earth-shaking song. And I am lost in dreams, untrammelled dreams, Of the land of hibiscus glowing in the morning sun.
Poems 29-35 by Mao Zedong
The Fairy Cave (1961.09.09)
Inscription on a Picture Taken by Comrade Li Jin
Amid the growing shades of dusk stand sturdy pines, Riotous clouds sweep past, swift and tranquil. Nature has excelled herself in the Fairy Cave, On perilous peaks dwells beauty in her infinite variety.
Reply to Comrade Guo Moruo (1961.11.17)
A thunderstorm burst over the earth, So a devil rose from a heap of white bones. The deluded monk was not beyond the light, But the malignant demon must wreak havoc. The Golden Monkey wrathfully swung his massive cudgel, And the jade-like firmament was cleared of dust. Today, a miasmal mist once more rising, We hail Sun Wukong, the wonder-worker.
Ode to the Plum Blossom (1961.12)
Wind and rain escorted Spring's departure, Flying snow welcome Spring's return. On the ice-clad rock rising high and sheer A flower blossom sweet and fair.
Sweet and fair, she craves not Spring for herself alone, To be the harbinger of Spring she is content. When the mountain flowers are in full bloom She will smile mingling in their midst.
Winter Clouds (1962.12.16)
Winter clouds snow-laden, cotton fluff flying, None or few the unfallen flowers. Chill waves sweep through steep skies, Yet earth's gentle breath grows warm. Only heroes can quell tigers and leopards, And wild bears never daunt the brave. Plum blossoms welcome the whirling snow; Small wonder flies freeze and perish.
Reply to Comrade Guo Moruo (1963.01.09)
On this tiny globe A few flies dash themselves against the wall, Humming without cease, Sometimes shrilling, Sometimes moaning. Ants on the locust tree assume a great-nation swagger And mayflies lightly plot to topple the giant tree. The west wind scatters leaves over Chang'an, And the arrows are flying, twanging.
So many deeds cry out to be done, And always urgently; The world rolls on, Time presses. Ten thousand years are too long, Seize the day, seize the hour! The Four Seas are rising, clouds and water raging, The Five Continents are rocking, wind and thunder roaring. Our force is irresistible, Away with all pests!
Reascending Jinggang Mountain (1965.05)
I have long aspired to reach for the clouds And I again ascend Jinggang Mountain. Coming from afar to view our old haunt, I find new scenes replacing the old. Everywhere orioles sing, swallows dart, Streams babble And the road mount skyward. Once Huangyanggai is passed No other perilous place calls for a glance.
Wind and thunder are stirring, Flags and banners are flying Wherever men live. Thirty-eight years are fled With a mere snap of the fingers. We can clasp the moon in the Ninth Heaven And seize turtles deep down in the Five Seas: Nothing is hard in this world If you dare to scale the heights.
Two Birds: a Dialogue (1965)
The roc wings fanwise, Soaring ninety thousand li And rousing a raging cyclone. The blue sky on his back, he looks down To survey Man's world with its towns and cities. Gunfire licks the heavens, Shells pit the earth. A sparrow in his bush is scared stiff. "This is one hell of a mess! Oh I want to flit and fly away."
"Where, may I ask?" The sparrow relies, "To a jewelled palace in elfland's hills. Don't you see a triple pact was signed Under the bright autumn moon two years ago? There will be plenty to eat, Potatoes piping hot, beef-filled goulash." "Don't farce any more! Look, the world is being turned upside down."
13 毛澤東詩 Mao Zedong poetry
毛澤東詩 Mao Zedong poetry
No.1
賀新郎 He Xin Lang
(Written in 1923)
Back ground of the poem:
In 1912, Mao Zedong entered the
province. He graduated and obtained his degree in 1918. He accompanied some
of the
to work and study (工讀). He borrowed money to travel to
had no money when when he arrived in the ancient city. He desperately needed
a job. He went to see his former ethnics teacher at the
Yang Changji (楊昌濟) who had become a Professor at Beijing National University.
Professor Yang found a job as an assistant librarian in the University
for him. He told Edgar Snow in Yanan, in 1936:
"And here also I met and fell in love with Yang Kaihui (楊開慧). She was
the daughter of my former ethics teacher, Yang Changchi (楊昌濟), who had
made a great impression on me in my youth, and who afterwards was a genuine
friend in
The following year Mao Zedong returned to
Yang Kaihui. In winter 1921 they moved into a cottage in Hengtang (橫塘:
東門小吳門外清水塘). Mao Zedong also used this cottage as the Office of
the
Anying (岸英) was born in this cottage. The Mao family lived there until
April 1923 when the Military Governor of Hunan province, Zhao Hengti (趙
恆惕), issued a warrant to arrest Mao Zedong for being an extremist "過激
派".
Mao Zedong left the family behind and went to
In the autumn of 1924, he returned to
This poem was written to say goodbye to his wife, Yang Kaihui (楊開慧).
No.1 賀新郎
揮手從茲去.
更那堪淒然相響, 苦情重訴.
眼角眉梢都似恨, 熱淚欲零還住.
知誤會前翻書語.
過眼滔滔雲共霧, 算人間知己吾與汝.
人有病, 天知否?
今朝霜重東門路,
照橫塘半天殘月, 淒清如許.
汽笛一聲腸已斷,從此天涯孤旅.
憑割斷愁思恨縷.
要似崑崙崩絕壁, 又恰像颱風掃環宇.
重比翼, 和雲翥.
Now it is time for me to go and I wave good-bye to you,
It is hard to bear facing you and say farewell with bitter feelings.
Looking at your eyes I could see you holding back the tears.
Mao Zedong's first poem is so good that it is beyond my ability to translate
it into English. Anyway, without permission, I quote from the English translation
by Philip Short who has written a book on Mao Zedong. It is titled "MAO:
A Life"
"A wave of the hand, and the moment of parting has come.
Harder to bear is facing each other dolefully,
Bitter feelings voiced once more.
Wrath looks from your eyes and brows,
On the verge of tears, you hold them back.
We know our misunderstandings sprang from that last letter.
Let it roll away like clouds and mist,
For who in this world is as close as you and I?
Can Heaven fathom our human maladies?
I wonder
This morning frost lies heavy on the road to East Gate,
The waning moon lights up the pool and half the sky -
How cold, how desolate!
One wail of the steam whistle has shattered my heart,
Now I shall roam alone to the furthest ends of the earth.
Let us strive to sever those threads of grief and anger,
Let it be as though the sheer cliffs of
As though a typhoon swept through the universe.
Let us once again be two birds flying side by side,
Soaring high as the clouds.
(Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan )
Date: 03-20-09 09:24
Of the great leaders of the world, only Mao Zedong was a poet. This one
was written in autumn 1925 when he said goodbye to his beloved city
(長沙).
No.2
長沙 Changsha (written in Autumn 1925)
獨立寒秋,----------------
湘江北去,---------------
橘子洲頭.----------------
看萬山紅遍,-------------
層林盡染;-----------------
漫江碧透,-----------------
百舸爭流.-----------------
鷹擊長空,-----------------
魚翔淺底,-----------------,
萬物霜天競自由.------.
悵寥廓,--------------------
問蒼天大地,-------------
誰主浮沉.------------
攜來百侶曾游,---------
憶往昔崢嶸歲月稠.---.
恰同學少年,-------------,
風華正茂;-----------------;
書生意氣,------------------
揮斥方遒.-----------------
指點江山,-----------------,
激揚文化,-----------------
糞士當年萬戶侯.-------
曾記否,--------------------
到中流擊水,-------------
浪遏飛舟.----------------.
Alone, standing in autumn's chill
As the
Flows north past
I see the red-stained thousand hills
With crimson forests trooping.
On the lucid blue water a hundred barges sail,
Eagles fly above,
Fish glide in the deeps,
Under the unmoving sky, all living things strive for freedom.
I ponder, and ask the boundless earth
Who maters destiny?
In past years
I walked here with many companions,
Friends of crowded years and months of endeavor,
All of us students, all of us young,
In high assurance, strong and fearless,
Pointing the finger at all things,
Praising and condemning in our writings,
The highest in the land we counted no more than dust.
But do you remember?
How, reaching midstream, we struck the waters,
And the waves dashed against our speeding boats?
This is how Dr. Han Suyin, the world renowned writer, interprets this poem
in her book, "The Morning Deluge"
I quote:
"
the
Grove island, opposite
.......
The Revolution seemed very near, Mao stood, staring at the water. The Revolution
would go forward, but there would be obstacles to its progress.
There is no rapture, only sober purpose in this poem. Mao Zedong was perhaps
saying farewell to his own youth. As he slipped on foot across the hills,
autumn harvest was being reaped. Soon, armies would be trampling the winter
fields."
(題解 The explanation)
In 1912, at the age of 19, Mao Zedong entered the Hunan Provincial Normal
School (湖南第一師範學校). He graduated and obtained his degree in 1918
when he was 25 years old. His father, Mao Rensheng (毛仁生), a middle peasant,
was a very generous man who was willing to support his eldest son to study
all these years.
In 1918, also the year that his mother died, Mao Zedong and his school mates,
Xiao Yu (蕭瑜), Cai Hesen (蔡和森) and others organized an association
in the school. The Association was called Xin Min Association (新民會).
From then on, began the political activities of Mao Zedong
In Autumn 1925, again, Zhao Hengti (趙恆惕), the Military Governor of Hunan
province issued a warrant to arrest Mao Zedong for being an "extremist 過
激份子". He had to leave behind his wife Yang Kaihui (楊開慧), and their
two sons, Anying (岸英) and Anjing (岸菁). Before he left
city of Guangzhou (廣州), Mao Zedong stood on a high ground and stared at
the
No.3
黃鶴樓 The Pavilion of the Yellow Crane
Written in Spring 1927
茫茫九派流中國,--,
沉沉一線穿南北.-.
煙雨莽蒼蒼,--------,
龜蛇銷大江.---------.
黃鶴知何去?--------
剩有遊人處.-------.
把酒酹滔滔,--------
心潮逐浪高!--------!
Wide, wide flow the nine streams through the land,
Dark, dark threads the line from south to north.
Blurred in the thick haze of the misty rain,
Tortoise and Snake hold the great river locked.
The yellow crane is gone, who knows whither?
Only this tower remains a haunt for visitors.
I pledge my wine to the surging torrent,
The tide of my heart swells with waves.
[The names in red squares are the Communist]
All these names were written by Dr. Sun Yat-sen
In May 1921, Dr. Sun Yat-sen became the President of the Guangdong Government.
The Chinese Communist Party was founded in July 1921. In January 1924 the
Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) and the Chinese Communist Party formed a
United Front. A military academy called Whampoa Military Academy (黃埔軍校
) was established. Dr Sun Yat-sen directed Chiang Kaishek, who just returned
from
Academy. Dr Sun Yat-sen died in
general strikes in
Expedition against the Warlords began under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek.
With the help of the Soviet Russian adviser Borodin Chiang Kai-shek's power
grew. The Kuomintang and the Communists launched the final stages of the
"Northern March" against the Warlords.
However, in July 1927, Chiang Kaishek betrayed the revolution and unleashed
the "White Terror" against the Communists. On 11th July 1927, the Northern
Expeditionary Army under the command of Chiang Kaishek began to disarm the
weapons of the revolutionary workers in
members of the gangs of the Green and Red Societies, wearing white armbands
bearing the Chinese character Gong (工), began to slaughter the revolutionary
workers. Zhou Enlai (周恩來 the future Premier of China), was the vice commander
of revolutionary workers. He was lucky and he escaped during the turmoil.
On 21st May 1927, the generals of the Kuomintang (國民黨) army, General
He Jian (何鍵) and Xu Kexiang (許克祥) began to arrest and kill the Communists
in
army to attack
At that time, Mao Zedong was in Wuhan (武漢) giving lectures at the Wuhan
branch of the Peasant Movement Training Institute. He was the head of the
branch. On 27th April of that year, at the 5th Congress of the CCP Mao Zedong
proposed to speed up the struggle of land reform, but without conclusion.
In order to prepare for any certain change of political events, Mao Zedong
sent his wife and their three children back to
expected, on the 15th of July, Wang Jingwei (汪精衛), who was the head of
the leftist Kuomintang, declared, "To clean up the party 清黨 - meaning
to purge the Communists". That was the end of the United Front.
----------------------------------------------------------
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-20-09 18:06
No.4.
Autumn Harvest Uprising 秋收起義
Written in September 1927
http://yn.chung.id.au/Autumn.Uprising.jpg
秋收起義
軍叫工農革命,----
旗號鐮刀斧頭.------
匡廬一帶不停留,--
要向瀟湘直進.------.
地主重重壓迫,-------
農民個個同仇,-------
秋收時節暮雲愁,---
霹靂一聲暴動.-------.
The army [
The flag of sickle and axe [2B] had been hoisted.
We would not stop in the Kuanglu [
But straight to Xiaoxiang [4D].
The peasants were being fleeced right and left by the landlords,
Who had become the enemies of all the peasants.
It was cloudy towards the end of the season for autumn harvesting,
Suddenly, a sound of thunderbolt it was an uprising.
[
Army (國民革命軍), whereas the Communists called their army Workers and
Peasants revolutionary Army (工農革命軍). In May, 1928 the Communists changed
the name of their army to the Red Army (紅軍).
[2B] In 1933, the Communists changed their flag from sickle and axe (鐮刀
斧頭) to sickle and hammer (鐮刀錘子). Later, again, it was changed to Bayi
(八一 or August 1st after the Nanchang Uprising 南昌起義 on that night in
1927.). Since then it had become their official army flag. The CCP adopted
August 1st as the "Founding Day of the People's Liberation Army". During
the Japanese occupation the Red Army was renamed "The 8th Route Army 八路
軍". Their soldiers put up their thumbs and the second fingers upside down
to show the Ba (八) sign meaning the 8th Route Army.
[
The original name of Kuanglu was Xiutong (修銅) which referred to the counties
of Xiushui (修水) and Tonggu (銅鼓) in Jiangxi province (江西省).
[4D] Xiaoxiang (瀟湘)
The original name of Xiaoxiang was Pingliu (平瀏) which referred to the
counties of Pingjiang (平江) and Liuyang (瀏陽) in Hunan province (湖南省
).
The background of the poem
On August 7, 1927, the Communist International ordered the Chinese Communist
Party (CCP) to convene an emergency meeting in Wuhan (武漢) in Hubei province
(湖北省). In the meeting Chen Duxiu (陳獨修) was being criticized as the
Right Opportunist (右傾機會主義者). Ju Qiubai (瞿秋白) was elected the new
leader to lead the CCP. Ju Qiubai called on all the CCP branches to prepare
for uprising. For this Ju Qiubai was regarded in the CCP history as the
Left Opportunist (左傾機會主義者). Mao Zedong attended the meeting. After
the meeting the Central Committee dispatched him to
the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
On September 9, 1927, the regiment of the police force stationed in Xiushui
(修水), whose commander was Lu Deming (盧德銘), a Communist, the coal mine
workers at Anyuan Coal Mine (安源煤礦場), the peasant volunteers from Pingjiang
(平江) and Liuyang (瀏陽), together, they staged the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
At that time Mao Zedong was at Tonggu (銅鼓) directing the peasant volunteers
from Pingjiang and Liuyang. The plan was to attack and overrun Pingjiang
and Liuyang and then to attack Changsha (長沙) from the north and south.
Please refer to the map of
However, the peasant volunteers failed to take Pingjiang and Liuyang. They
retreated and arrived at Wenjiashi (文家市) in Liuyang. Mao Zedong persuaded
the volunteers to withdrew to Pingxiang (萍鄉) in Jiangxi province (江西
省). In October, with the remnant of about 800 men and 80 old rifles, Mao
Zedong led the volunteers and climbed the Jinggangshan (井岡山).
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-20-09 19:46
No.5.
井岡山 Jinggangshan [1]
Written in Autumn 1928.
http://yn.chung.id.au/Jinggangshan.jpg
[From the book "龔楚將軍回憶錄" volume one by 龔楚]
山下旌旗在望,------Shan xia4 jing qi2 zai4 wang4,
山頭鼓角相聞.------Shan tou
敵軍圍困萬千重,---Di2 jun wei2 kun4 wan4 qian chong2,
我自巋然不動.------Wo3 zi4 kui ran2 bu4 dong4.
早已森嚴壁壘,------Zao3 yi3 sen yan2 bi
更加眾志成城.------Geng jia zhong4 zhi
黃洋界上炮聲隆,---Huangyangjie shang4 bao sheng long2,
報導敵軍宵遁.------Bao4 dao3 di2 jun xiao dun4.
Our banners and flags are visible at the mountain foot,
On the mountain top sound our drums and bungles.
Thousands of enemies are besieging us,
Steadfastly we stand our ground.
We have already strongly fortified our fortress,
The unity of our wills is an impregnable stronghold.
From Huangyangjie[2] comes the thunder of guns,
It is reported that the enemies have fled.
The background of the poem.
On September 9, 1927, Mao Zedong led a group of peasants and staged an uprising
called the Autumn Harvest Uprising (秋收暴動) in Hunan province (湖南省).
The insurrection failed miserably. In October 1927, Mao Zedong congregated
the remnants of the uprising of about 800 men and 80 old rifles. They climbed
the Jinggangshan (井崗山) with the goal of establishing a revolutionary
base in the mountains (please see the poem "Autumn Harvest Uprising").
[1] 井岡山 Jinggangshan
Jinggangshan is a massive mountain range, lying between the two provinces
of Jiangxi (江西省) and Hunan.
At that time, there were only five villages in this region of 900 square
kilometers. All the families were Hakka People (客家人) whose forefathers
had come from the north several hundred years ago.The total population in
Jinggangshan was less than 2,000 and they were so poor that only a few of
them had more than a pair of trousers. They made fire by striking stones.
The red earth in Jinggangshan was so hard that hardly any crops grew in this
desolated area. The Hakka men were mostly porters and farm hands in the plains
below. Mao Zedong managed to win over two groups of about 600 armed Hakka
in this area. The Hakkas in Jinggangshan helped Mao Zedong to realize his
goal.
[2] Huangyangjie 黃洋界
Huangyangjie is the name of one of the five passes to Jinggangshan. The
other four passes are: Bamianshan (八面山), Shuangmashi (雙馬石), Zhushachong
(朱沙沖) and Tongmuling (桐木嶺).
In late August 1928, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
(CCP) of Hunan province specially dispatched Du Xiujing (杜修經) to see
Mao Zedong and ordering him to lead the No.28 and No.29 Regiments of the
Red Army to bound for Guidong (桂東) in southern Huanan province. Knowing
that the main force of the Red Army had left Jinggangshan the Kuomintang
(KMT 國民黨) Army attacked Jinggangshan. In the morning of August 30th,
1928, four regiments of KMT forces from the provinces of
launched an attack on Huangyangjie (黃洋界).
At that time, there were only two companies of the No.31st regiment left
at the base. By the afternoon the ammunition of the Red Army was about to
be exhausted. In desperation, a group of red soldiers carried an old and
rusty bazooka with three shells. The red soldiers fired their bazooka at
the KMT troops. The first shot was an empty shell with sound only. They
fired the second shot and it was also an empty shell producing only sound.
They fired the last shell. The third shot was a real shell and by coincident
the shell landed on the commanding post of the KMT. Then it was all quiet.
The red soldiers did not fire their guns as they were about to run out of
ammunition. They waited and waited from the assault from the KMT. But it
never came because the KMT had withdrawn that evening thinking that the main
force of the Red Army had returned. According to their record only the No.28
Regiment of the Red Army had one or two bazookas.
When he returned to Jinggangshan Mao Zedong was so happy that he wrote this
poem to celebrate the victory.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-21-09 08:09
No.6
蔣桂戰爭
The War Between Jiang and Gui
Written in Autumn 1929
風雲突變,--------------Feng yun2 tu bian4
軍閥重開戰.----------Jun fa
灑向人間都是怨,---Sa3 xiang4 ren2 jian du shi4 yuan4
一枕黃梁再現.-------Yi zhen3 huang
紅旗躍過汀江,------Hong2 qi2 yue
直下龍岩上杭.------Zhi2 xia4 Longyan Shanghang.
收拾金甌一片.------Shou shi2 jin ou yi pian
分田分地真忙.------Fen tian2 fen di4 zhen mang2.
There is a sudden change in the situation,
Again, war breaks out among the Warlords.
And the people hate it,
As it is the reappearance of the Millet Dream [*1].
The red flags leap over Tingjiang,
And straight to Longyan and Shanghang.
We have reclaimed a part of the land [**2].
And we are busying dividing the land.
The back ground of the poem
In the spring of 1928, Deng Zihui (鄧子恢) staged an uprising in his hometown,
Longyan (龍岩), where he was born in 1893. Later he became a guerrilla
leader under Zhu De (朱德), the commander-in-chief of the Red Army. In February
1929 war broke out between Chiang Kai-shek and the Warlords, Li Zongren
(李宗仁) and Bai Chongxi (白崇禧) of Guangxi province (廣西省). The war
was a struggle for the control of the two provinces of Hunan (湖南省) and
Hunei (湖北省). The war waged on for two months until April when the Warlords
pulled out from Wuhan (武漢) in Hubei province and retreated to their home
base in Guangxi province.
In May, 1929, Deng Zihui wrote to Mao Zedong that the Kuomintang (國民黨
) army in the west of Fujian province (西福建省) had been transferred to
Guangdong province (廣東省) to fight the Warlords of Guangxi province and
there was a vacuum of military power in his hometown and the surrounding
region. In respond to Deng Zihui, in the end of May, Mao Zedong led his
troops marched through Tingjiang (汀江) and occupied Longyan (龍岩) and
Shanghang (上杭).
In September 1929, Mao Zedong was struck down by malaria. He nearly died.
While he was convalescing in the market town of Gutian (古田) in ShangHang
county (上杭縣) he wrote this poem commenting Chaiang Kai-shek's fight with
the two Warlords from Guangxi. The Warlords were Li Zongren (李宗仁) and
Bai Chongxi (白崇禧). Mao Zedong also wrote another poem titled Chong Yang
(重陽) which is No
Note:
[*1]
The Millet Dream 一枕黃梁
It is a parable from the novel 枕中記 (Zhen Zhong Ji or The Pillow) written
by Shen Ji Ji (沈既濟) who lived during the Tang Dynasty (唐 朝 618AD to
907AD).
There lived a scholar by the name of Lu Sheng (盧生) who was poor and unemployed.
Being unemployed and poor, Lu Sheng was disappointed in life and was much
dispirited. He often sighed under the burden of his problems.
Once he stayed at an inn in the city of Handan (邯鄲 present day Han Dan
city in Hebei province 河北省). An old monk occupying the next room repeatedly
heard Lu Sheng verbally despairing about his life. The monk went over and
talked to Lu Sheng who related his life of despair and hopelessness. He
gave Lu Sheng a ceramic pillow to rest his head when he went to bed that
night.
It was still daylight and in the inn's kitchen the innkeeper was cooking
yellow millet. Curious about what it could do, Lu Sheng laid in bed with
his head on the ceramic pillow. Before long he fell asleep.
Lu Sheng then had the sweetest dream. He arrived in an unrecognized country
and married a beautiful girl by the surname of Cui (崔). He passed the Imperial
Examinations and became a 進士 (Jin Shi or Imperial Graduate). He was appointed
an official and led a comfortable life. He was later blessed with five sons
who were extraordinarily gifted. Eventually he was appointed the Prime Minister.
He lived till the ripe old age of eighty. He was survived by many descendants.
Lu Sheng woke up to see the monk standing next to his bed and became aware
that the innkeeper was still cooking the yellow millet as dusk approached.
He realized that he had just had a dream. He had been a prosperous man for
fifty years with many offspring. Now he was back to being a dejected scholar.
He concluded that rich or poor after all was just like a short dream.
[**2]
金甌 Jin Ou
During the period of North and South Dynasties (南北朝 420AD to 589AD),
Emperor Wu Xiao Yan (梁武帝蕭衍 502AD to 549AD) referred 金甌 (Jin Ou) as
the land of his country the Liang Kingdom (梁王朝 502AD to 557AD)
--------------------------------------------------
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-21-09 21:05
No.7
重陽 Chongyang (Double Nine Festival)
Written in October 1929
人生易老天難老.---Ren2 sheng yi
歲歲重陽,--------------Sui4 sui4 Chongyang,
今又重陽.--------------Jin you4 Chongyang.
戰地黃花份外香.---Zhan4 di4 huang2 hua fen4 wai4 xiang.
一年一度秋風勁,---Yi nian2 yi du4 qiu feng jing4.
不似春光,--------------Bu4 si4 chun guang,
勝似春光.--------------Sheng4 si4 chun guang.
寥廓江天萬里霜.---Liao2 kuo4 jiang tian wan
Men can grow old but not the sky.
The Double Nine Festival occurs every year,
Today is the Festival of Double Nine.
The yellow flowers growing in the battlefields are more fragrant.
Once a year the autumn wind blows strongly.
It is not like the spring time,
But now it is better than the spring time.
There are frosts in the boundless sky.
The back ground of the poem
The festival of Double Nine (重陽 Chong Yang) occurs every year on the 9th
day of the 9th month in the Lunar Calendar. It occurred on October 11, in
On June 22, 1929, in the 7th Congress meeting of the 4th Red Army at Longyan
(龍岩) in west Fujian province (福建省), Mao Zedong was being criticized
for practicing the "Patriarchal System 家長制" by Zhe De (朱德) and Chen
Yi (陳毅). In the election Mao Zedong was not elected as the Secretary of
the Military Committee.
He left the 4th Red Army and went to work in Shanghang (上杭), where he
had a severe attack of malaria and he nearly died of it. He was sick for
five months and began to recover in November 1929. In September 1929 Zhou
Enlai (周恩來) had taken charge of the Central Committee of the Chinese
Communist Party in Shanghai (上海). Knowing that Mao Zedong was not a member
in the Military Committee of the 4th Red Army Zhou Enlai wrote and directed
the 4th Red Army to reinstate Mao Zedong as the Secretary of the Military
Committee of the 4th Red Army. On November 26, 1929, Mao Zedong was reinstated
as the Secretary of the Military Committee according to the directive of
the " September Letter".
This poem was written when he was a malaria sufferer. This was how he felt
about life while he was lying on bed.
Mao Zedong took the idea from the Tang poem Li He (李賀 791AD to 817AD)
to write this poem. Li He was born in the city of Luoyang (洛陽市). He had
a very short life and died at the age of just 27. However, within his short
life he had written 243 (two hundred and forty three) poems. He was an exceptional
prominent poet in the Tang Dynasty. These are the two poem among them.
京城 Jing Cheng [*
驅馬出門意,---Qu ma3 chu men2 yi4,
牢落長安心.---Lao
兩事向誰道!---Liang3 shi4 xiang4 shui2 dao4!
自作秋風吟.---Zi4 zuo4 Qiu Feng Yin [***
The explanations in plain Chinese and English.English
(1) 以前, 我騎著馬出門遠行, 心中滿懷著理想與憧憬 [****4D].
Previously, when I rode a horse to go for a long gurney, my mind was full
of ideal and looking forward for a realization.
(2) 如今, 應試落第, 羈旅長安, 卻又滿懷著落寞孤寂之情.
Now, I feel lonely when I depart from Changan as I had failed the Imperial
Examinations.
(3) 唉! 過去的理想, 今日的失意, 這兩種心事能向說傾訴呢!
Alas! my ideal of the past and the present disappointment are two different
things and whom shall I pour out my heart?
(4) 只好自己對著秋風吟詠, 發抒我一片淒涼的心情啊!
I can only face the autumn wind to recite poetry to express my miserable
heart.
Notes:
[*
(長安), the present day city of Xian in Shaanxi province (西安市陝西省).
[**2B] 牢落 (lao2 luo4]
means lonely; desolate (落寞孤寂)
[***
The author had never written a poem titled by this name
[****4D] 憧憬 (chong jing)
means look forward to realization
Li He was very fond of using the phrase Qiu Feng (秋風)
To Li He 秋 (qiu = autumn) and 悲 (bei = sad) were connected and inseparable.
-------------------------------------------------
Here is another poem by Li He
莫種樹 Mo Zhong Shu - (Do not plant trees)
園中莫種樹,---Yuan2 zhong mo4 zhong4 shu4,
種樹四時愁.---Zhong4 shu4 si4 shi
獨睡南窗月,---Du2 shui4 nan2 chuang yue4,
今秋似去秋.---Jin qiu si4 qu4 qiu.
The explanations in plain Chinese and English.
(1) 庭園裡面, 最好是不要種樹.
Do not plant trees in your flower garden.
(2) 因為那些樹啊! 不管什麼時候, 總是引人無限的哀愁.
As those trees will give you sorrow at all time.
(3) 然而, 如今我在月兒高照的南窗下獨睡,
However, now I am sleeping alone under the south window with the bright
moon shining.
(4) 雖看不到庭樹, 但是今年的秋天卻然和去年的秋天一樣讓人哀愁!
Although I cannot see the trees but I realize that this year autumn is the
same as last year's autumn making people sad.
Mao Zedong thought that he was going to die young, therefore he quoted the
poems from Li He who died very young at the age of 27.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-22-09 08:09
No.8
元旦 New Year
Written in January 1930
寧化, 清流, 歸化,---Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua,
路隘林深苔滑!-----Lu
今日向何方?-------Jin ri4 xiang4 he2 fang?
直指武夷山下,----Zhi2 zhi3 Wuyishan xia4,
山下山下,-----------Shan xia4 shan xia4,
風展紅旗如畫.---Feng zhan3 hong2 qi2 ru2 hua4.
Ninghua, Qingliu, Guihua,
The paths are narrow with slippery moss in the deep woods!
From today where shall we go?
We go straight to the foot of
To the foot of Wuyi mountain, to the foot of Wuyi mountain,
The red flags are fluttering in the wind like painting.
--------------------------------------------------
Back ground of the poem
Having recovered from a bout of malaria and was reinstated as the Secretary
of the 4th Red Army, Mao Zedong convened a meeting at Gutian (古田) on December
28, 1929.
http://yn.chung.id.au/Gutian.jpg
In his speech, 50 pages long, Mao Zedong criticized Zhu De (朱德) who was
the commander-in-chief of the Red Army. Gutian village (古田村) is in Shanghang
county (上杭縣) in Fujian province (福建省).
The meeting lasted until December 30, 1929. On New Year day, in 1930, Mao
Zedong was in good mood and very happy because the people in the region
supported him. To celebrate the New Year, he wrote this poem.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-23-09 00:23
No.9
廣昌路上 On Guangchang road
Written in February 1930
漫天皆白,--------------Man4 tian jie bai2,
雪裡行軍情更迫.---Xue
頭上高山,--------------Tou2 shang4 gao shan,
風捲紅旗過大關.---Feng juan3 hong2 qi
此行何去?------------Ci3 xing2 he2 qu4?
贛江風雪迷漫處.--Ganjiang feng xue
命令昨領,--------------Ming
十萬工農下吉安.---Shi2 wan4 gong nong2 xia4 Jian.
It is white all over the sky,
Eagerly we march through the snow
Above our heads are the crags,
The red flags fluttering in the wind, we cross the big pass.
Where are we going?
To the snow-covered
Yesterday we received the order,
That one hundred thousand of workers and peasants are marching to Jian.,
The background of the poem
On February 7, 1930, the committee members of the Red Army and the local
Communist Party convened several meetings. It was decided that the revolution
should score its first victory in the whole of
the army should occupy the city of
should declare the formation of a Soviet Government. So far the Red Army
had never occupied any big county city before.
In mid-February Mao Zedong led the Red Army from Guangchang and marched
towards Jian. Chiang Kai-shek ordered the Kuomintang army to draw close
to Jian. Due to the movement of the Kuomintang Army getting closer to Jian,
the Red Army gave up marching to Jian and returned to the south of
province.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-23-09 02:26
No.10
從汀州向長沙 From Tingzhou [
Written in July 1930
六月天兵征腐惡,----------Liu4 yue4 tian bing zheng fu3 e4,
萬丈長纓要把鯤鵬縛.---Wan4 zhang4 Chang Ying [2B]
fu4.
贛水那邊紅一角,----------Ganshui na4 bian hong2 yi jiao3,
偏師借重黃公略.----------Pian shi jie4 zhong4 Huang Gonglue [4D].
百萬工農齊踴躍,----------Bai3 wan4 gong nong2 qi2 yong3 yue4
席捲江西直搗湘和鄂.---Xi juan3
國際悲歌歌一曲,----------Guo2 ji4 bei ge ge yi qu3,
狂飆為我從天落.-------Kuang2 biao wei2 wo
In June Heaven's armies chastise the corrupt and evil,
Seeking to bind roc and whale with a league-long cord.
Red glows the far side of the Gan,
Thanks to our wing under Huang Gonglue.
A million workers and peasants rise up,
Sweeping
To the Internationale's stirring strains,
A wild whirlwind swoops from the sky.
Source:
Mao Tsetung poems,
Foreign Language Press,
Note:
[
汀州 Tingzhou
Tingzhou, an ancient name, is the cradle of the Hakka Chinese in
province (汀州是福建的客家搖籃). It is in the present day
(長汀縣) in the west of Fujian province.
There are large numbers of Hakkas living in the
in Zhangzhou (漳州) and Tingzhou (汀州). Ninghua Shibicun (寧化石壁村 or
the village of Ninghua), 福建的客家搖藍 or the cradle of the Hakka in Fujian
province is in Tingzhou. The
Hakka Association as the cradle of the Hakka people in
On the bank of Tingjiang Mother River (汀江母親河) there is a statue called
"The Mother" which is sacred to the Hakka People. This is the mountain song
about the Overseas Hakka coming back to Shibicun composed by an unknown
Hakka scholar from the Malaysian Hakka magazine "Persekutuan Persatuan Persatuan
Hakka 馬來西亞客家公會聯合會"..
山歌唱來一籮籮,---Shan ge chang
遊子回到母親河,---You2 zi3 hui2 dao
河南福建轉一轉,---Henan Fujian zhuan3 yi zhuan3,
方知祖先苦難多,---Fang zhi zu3 xian ku3 nan4 duo,
翻山越嶺受折磨.---Fan shan yue
There are lots to sing about in mountain songs.
The wandering sons have returned to
Touring through the provinces of
We realize the amount of hardship our ancestors had suffered,
Crossing the mountains and ridges.
翻山越嶺受折磨,---Fan shan yue
萬苦千辛都挨過,---Wan4 ku3 qian xin du ai guo4,
平地已有前人住,---Ping2 di4 yi3 you3 qian2 ren2 zhu4,
只好走入大山坡,---Zhi3 hao3 zou3 ru4 da4 shan po,
開天辟地淚沱沱.---Kai tian bi4 di
After crossing the mountains and ridges,
Our ancestors thought the hardship was over.
However, the flat fertile land was already being inhabited by the progenitors.
Without alternatives they settled in the hilly slopes.
With tears, they removed the forest and cleared the land before they planted the crops.
開天辟地淚沱沱,---Kai tian bi4 di
今日終有好結果,---Jin ri4 zhong you3 hao3 jie guo3,
開枝散葉天下走,---Kai zhi san4 ye4 tian xia4 zou3,
隔山隔水難隔疏,---Ge2 shan ge2 shui3 nan
勿忘公公同婆婆.---Wu4 wang4 gong gong tong2 po2 po2.
Having removed the forest, cleared the land and planted the crops,
Wonderful results were achieved.
As today their descendants have spread far and wide through out the world.
Though they are separated by land and sea yet their relationship is inseparable.
Forget not our grandparents.
記得祖公和祖婆,---Ji4 de2 zu3 gong he2 zu3 po2,
回到祖地感觸多,---Hui2 dao4 zu3 di
汀州寧化石壁村,---Tingzhou Ninghua Shibicun,
親情都像母親河,---Qin qing2 du xiang4 Muqinghe,
河水長流暖心窩.---He2 shui
Remembering our ancestors,
We return, with stirring emotion,
To the ancestral
prefecture.
Our love is like
Whose water flows through our hearts.
河水長流暖心窩,---He2 shui
遊子歸來唱贊歌,---You2 zi3 gui lai
優良文化應傳頌,---You liang2 wen2 hua4 ying chuan2 song4
結出美麗好花朵,---Jie2 chu mei
千年萬代笑呵呵.---Qian nian wan dai xiao he he.
As the water of
The wandering sons sing the praise of
Our excellent culture
Blossoming with flowers
For the upcoming thousand generations.
[2B]
長纓 Chang Ying
漢書 - 終軍傳
"軍自請, 願受長纓, 必羈南越王而致之闕下".
[
鯤鵬 Kun Peng
莊子 - 逍遙游
"北冥有魚, 其名為鯤, 鯤之大, 不知其幾千里也.
化而為鳥, 其名為鵬, 鵬之背不知其幾千里也".
[4D]
黃公略 (Huang Gonglue 1898 to 1931)
In 1928, Huang Gonglue led an uprising in Pingjiang county (平江縣) in Hunan
province (湖南省). In 1930, he became the commander of the Third Red Army
of a Red Base in west
the battle fought in Jian (吉安) in Jiangxi province (江西省).
The background of the poem
In March 1930, Zhou Enlai (周恩來) went to Moscow to attend the 16th Congress
of the Communist Party of
Leader of the Executive Central Committee (ECC) of the Chinese Communist
Party (CCP) in
(涂震) as the special representative of the ECC to Tingzhou (汀州) in west
Fujian province to attend the Nanyang Meeting (南陽會議). Tu Zhen, representing
the ECC ordered the Red Army to capture Nanchang (南昌in Jiangxi province
江西省) and Changsha (長沙 in Hunan province 湖南省) while Chiang Kai-shek
(江介石) was busy fighting the Warlords of Feng Yuxiang (馮玉祥) and Yan
Xishan (閻錫山).
In the meeting, it was decided that the Chairman of the Military Executive
Committee of the Red Army should be responsible for the attack. Mao Zedong
was the Chairman and therefore he should led the attack.
Mao Zedong led the First Red Army to attack
(彭德懷) led the Third Red Army to attack Changsha on July 28. The attack
went on for 11 days until Chiang Kai-shek's General He Jian (何鍵), the
Kuomintang Army commander of
Peng Dehuai retreated.
Mao Zedong led his army and marched to
On September 10, the two Communist armies joined forces and attacked
The Communists suffered heavy loses. On September 13 Mao Zedong ordered
a retreat and gave up attacking
Once the Communists left
wife, Yang Kaihui (楊開慧) and his sister Mao Zehong (毛澤紅). However,
the peasants hid Mao Zedong's three sons whom He Jian also wanted to arrest
them. No one in
They were subsequently executed on September 14, 1930.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-24-09 07:52
No. 11
反第一次大 "圍剿" Against the First Encirclement
Written in spring 1931
萬木霜天紅爛漫---Wan
天兵怒氣衝宵漢.---Tian bing nu4 qi
霧滿龍岡千嶂暗.---Wu
齊聲喚:-----------------Qi2 sheng huan4:
前頭捉了張輝讚.---Qian2 tou2 zhuo le Zhang Huizanzan.
二十萬軍重入贛,---Er4 shi2 wan4 jun chong2 ru4 Gan,
風煙滾滾來天半.---Feng yan gun
喚起工農千百萬,---Huan4 qi3 gong nong2 qian bai3 wan4
同心干,-----------------Tong2 xin gan,
不周山下紅旗亂.---Bu Zhou shan xia4 hong2 qi
Forests blaze red beneath the frosty sky,
The wrath of Heaven's armies soars to the cloud.
Mist veils Longgang, its thousands peaks blurred.
All cry out in unison:
Our van has taken Zhang Huizan![
The enemy returns to
Fumes billowing in the wind in mid-sky.
Workers and peasants are wakened in their million
To fight as one man.
Under the riot of red flags round the foot of
Source:
Mao Tsetung poems,
Foreign Language Press,
Note:
[
張輝瓚 Zhang Huizan
He was the commander in charge of the Anti-Communist Campaign in
province and was also the commander of the 18th Division of the Kuomintang
Army. During the First "Encirclement " Campaign against the Soviet Chinese
Government he was captured by the Communists who beheaded him and put his
head inside a little wooden box and threw into the
The background of the poem
In December 7, 1930, Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石) launched the first campaign
against the Chinese Soviet Government with a force of more than 100,000
against the Communists of about 40,000. The vanguard of the Kuomintang forces
of 10,000 was under the commander of Zhang Huizan (張輝瓚) who was followed
by Tan Daoyuan (譚道源) who was commanding 20,000 men. The rest were commanded
by other Kuomintang generals.
With lighting speed Zhang Huizan occupied Longgang (龍岡). However, it was
a trap set up by Mao Zedong. In the first assault Mao Zedong led his forces
and attacked Zhang Huizan's headquarters and captured the entire two brigades
of 9,000 men including Zhang Huizan himself. He was later trial by the peasants
and was beheaded. His head was put inside a little wooden box and threw
into the Gan River (贛江).
On hearing that the Communists had wiped out the entire forces under the
command of Zhang Huizan, Tan Daoyuan withdrew. Mao Zedong would not let
them go away easily. He ordered his forces to chase and attack Tan Daoyuan'
men. They annihilated another 10,000 men. The First "Encirclement" Campaign
was over. The time was January 1931. The Red Army captured their first radio
set. Mao Zedong was overjoyed and he wrote this poem to celebrate the victory.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-24-09 11:21
No.12
反第二次大 "圍剿" Against the Second "Encirclement" Campaign
Written in summer 1931
白雲山頭雲欲立,---Bai2 yun2 shan tou2 yun2 yu
白雲山下呼聲急,---Bai2 yun2 shan xia4 hu sheng ji2,
枯木朽株齊努力.---Ku mu4 xiu3 zhu qi2 nu
槍林逼,-----------------Qiang lin2 bi
飛將軍自重宵入.---Fei jiang jun zi
七百里驅十五日,---Qi bai
贛水蒼茫閩山碧,---Gan shui3 cang mang2 Min shan bi4,
橫掃千軍如卷席.---Heng2 sao3 qian jun ru2 juan3 xi2.
有人泣,-----------------You3 ren qi4,
為營步步嗟何及! --Wei2 ying2 bu4 bu4 jie he2 ji2!
The very clouds foams atop White Cloud Mountain[
At its base the roar of battle quicken.
Withered trees and rotten stumps join in the fray.
A forest of rifles presses,
As the flying General[2B] descents from the skies.
In fifteen days we have marched seven hundred li
Cross misty Gan waters and green
Rolling back the enemy as we would a mat.
A voice is heard wailing;
His "Bastion at every step" avail him not!
Source:
Mao Tsetung poems,
Foreign Language Press,
Note:
In the previous poem "Against theFirst "Encirclement Campaign" Mao wrote
"二十萬軍重入贛," which referred to:
一九三一年四月, 何應欽調集二十萬軍隊作為第二次大 "圍剿".
[
This mountain is in the southwest Donggu town (西南東固鎮) of Jian county
(吉安縣) in Kiangxi province (江西省).
[2B] 飛將軍 the flying General
This refers to chapter
145BC to 86BC). "The Flying General" was the title conferred to General
Li Guang (李廣) by Emperor Wen Liu Heng (文皇帝劉恆179BC to 157BC) for having
defeated the Xiong Nu (匈奴) more than 70 times
The background of the poem
Chiang Kai-shek realized the mistake in the First Encirclement Campaign
by ordering Zhang Huizan (張輝瓚) to attack and occupied Longgang with lightning
speed. It was a trap set up by Mao Zedong and the entire 18th division under
the command of General Zhang was captured.
In this campaign Chiang Kai-shek deployed 200,000 troops and appointed He
Yingqin (何應欽) as the commander-in-chief. Chiang Kai-shek changed his
method of dealing with the Communists. He adopted the tactic of "穩扎穩打
, 步步為營, 緊縮包圍 Go ahead steadily, strike sure blows and advance gradually
and entrench oneself at every step and tighten the ring of encirclement."
第二次大 "圍剿" started from May 10, 1931 to May 30, 1932.
何應欽為總司令, 總兵力二十萬.
However, on May 16, the Red Army, under the command of Zhu De (朱德), ambushed
and wiped out the Chiang Kai-shek's 28th Division, under the command of
Gong Bingfan (公秉藩) in Donggu (東固) of Jian county (吉安縣) in Jiangxi
province (江西省). For the next 15 days the Red Army destroyed Chiang Kai-shek'
s Army like chopping the fingers one by one. The Red Army fought five large
battles with Chiang Kai-shek's Army and won five battles from the east to
the west in the region of 700 hundred miles circumference.
The second encirclement and suppression campaign was launched on May 10,
1931 and ended on May 30, 1931. The Red Army captured 20,000 prisoners and
many rifles.
I quote from Professor Stuart Schram, who was the Professor of Politics
(with reference to
China Institute of the
"The Second Campaign was both more difficult and more interesting as an
example of Mao's tactics. The relation between the opposing forces had become
more than twice as unfavourable to the Red Army; the attacking force numbered
nearly 200,000 men, whereas the Red Army had only 30,000. This made it all
the more important to strike first against the weakest units in the enemy
forces.
For twenty-five days in late April and early May the Red Army encamped at
Tungku (東固 Donggu), despite the danger of discovery, waiting for Wang
Chi-yu's division to leave its strong-point at Futian (富田). At last the
moment came; the Red Army fell on elements of both Wang's division and Gong
Bingfan's, totaling eleven regiments, and routed them in a battle near Futian.
Truly, the Nationalist Army 'groped in the dark', while the Red Army 'walked
in daylight'. After this first succesful engagement, the Red army marched
700 li (One li is approximately one third of a mile) in fifteen days, fought
five battles against the weaker units of enemy forces, and captured 20,000
rifles. This was the end of the Second Campaign."
This was what Mao Zedong wrote in this poem about "In 15 days we have driven
700 li"
-------------------------------------------------
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-24-09 19:09
No.13
大柏地 The town of Dabodi[
Written in summer 1933
赤橙黃綠青藍紫,---Chi
誰持彩練當空舞?--Shui
雨後復斜陽,----------Yu3 hou
關山陣陣蒼.----------Guan shan zhen4 zhen4 cang.
當年鏖戰急,----------Dang nian
彈洞前村壁.----------Tan2 dong4 qian2 cun bi4.
裝點此關山,----------zhuang dian
今朝更好看.----------Jin zhao geng hao3
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet,
Who is dancing, waving this coloured ribbon against the sky?
The sun returns slanting after the rain,
And hill and pass grow a deeper blue.
A furious battle once raged here,
The village walls, bullet-scarred.
Now adorn hill and pass,
And make them doubly fair.
Source:
Mao Tsetung Poems,
Foreign Language Press,
Note:
[
This town is in the west of Ruijin (瑞金), the capital of the Soviet.
[2B] 雨後復斜陽
Mao took this line from the Tang Poet 溫庭筠 (812AD to 870AD) Wen Tingyun's
poem titled "菩薩蠻 Pu Sa Man":
雨後復斜陽, 杏華零落香
The background of this poem:
In the beginning of 1929, Genral He Jian (何鍵將軍) and General Lu Diping
(魯滌平), the two Warlords of the provinces of Hunan and Jiangxi failed
in three attempts to destroyed the Red Base in Jinggangshan (井岡山). In
order to lure the troops of the Warlords to leave Jinggangshan, on January
14, 1929, Mao Zedong led the main force of the Red Army to leave Jinggangshan.
Mao Zedong led the Red Army to attack
but the Red Army failed to make any gain in the attacks. Finally on February
11, 1929, in the town of
the two regiments commanded by Liu Shiyi (劉士毅). The Red Army established
a Red Base in southern
This is the poem that Mao Zedon wrote in 1933 describing how the Red Army
passed through Dabodi (大柏地) during this campaign in 1929.
Author: CHUNG Yoon Ngan
Date: 03-25-09 20:05
No.14
會昌 Huichang [
Written in summer 1934
東方欲曉,--------------Dong fang yu4 xiao3,
踏遍青山人末老,---Ta4 bian4 qing shan ren2 wei
風景這邊獨好.-------Feng jing3 zhe4 bian du2 hao3.
會昌城外高峰,-----Huichang cheng2 wai4 gao feng,
顛連直接東溟.-----Dian lian2 zhi2 jie dong ming2.
戰士指看南粵,-----Zhan4 shi4 zhi3 kan nan2 yue4,
更加鬱鬱蔥蔥.-----Geng jia yu4 yu4 cong cong.
Soon dawn will break in the east.
Do not say: "You start too early";
Crossing these blue hills adds nothing to one's years,
The landscape here is beyond compare.
Straight from the walls of Huichang lofty peaks,
Range after ranges, extend to the eastern sea.
Our soldiers point southward to
Looming lusher and greener in the distance.
[
會昌 Huichang is in southern Jiangxi province (江西省).
The background of this poem
In January 1930, the Red Army moved from west Fujian province (福建省) to
southern Jiangxi province (江西省) and established in Huichang with the
intention to open up the southern region for the activities of the Red Amy
as the grass in this region is greener.
In this poem Mao Zedong pointed out that in 1934 the Red Army was in an
desperate situation and preparing for the Long March. At that time Mao Zedong
was being pushed out of any responsibility of leadership. The Chinese Soviet
Government was in control by the three leaders Bo Gu (博古), Zhou Enlai
(周恩來) and Li De (李德 whose real name was Otto Braun, a German Communist
sent to the Soviet by the Third International Communist Movement in
http://yn.chung.id.au/LiDe.jpg
http://yn.chung.id.au/Li.De.(Otto.Braun).jpg
). Mao Zedong was sent to Huichang for "recuperate" because he was struck
down again with malaria. General Gong Chu (龔楚將軍) went to see Mao Zedong.
贛南軍區司令員龔楚去看他, 酒後毛澤東喟然長嘆, "我自從參加革命以來, 受過三
次開除中委和八次嚴重警告的處份, 這次更將造成失敗的責任, 完成推在我的身上
. 現在, 可不是我們井岡山老同志的天下了! 說時竟淒然淚下. From (龔楚[我和紅
軍])
Two weeks later the Long March began.
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